Sultanate of Ternate
The Sultanate of Ternate (Jawi alphabet: كسلطانن ترنتاي), previously also known as the Kingdom of Gapi is one of the oldest Muslim kingdoms in Indonesia besides the sultanates of Tidore, Jailolo, and Bacan.
Sultanate of Ternate كسلطانن ترنتاي Kesultanan Ternate | |||||||
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| 1257/1486–1914 | |||||||
Flag | |||||||
Greatest extent of the Sultanate of Ternate c. 1585 | |||||||
| Capital | Ternate Gammalammo (royal capital 1575-1606) | ||||||
| Common languages | Ternate, Malay, Portuguese (from 16th to 17th century), and Portuguese based creole. | ||||||
| Religion |
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| Government | Sultanate | ||||||
| Sultan Alam ma-kolano | |||||||
• 1257 – 1277 | Baab Mashur Malamo | ||||||
• 1486 – 1500 | Zainal Abidin of Ternate (first sultan) | ||||||
• 1902 – 1915 | Muhammad Usman Shah (last sultan to rule Ternate) | ||||||
• 1929 – 1975 | Muhammad Jabir Syah (Honorary Sultan) | ||||||
• 2015 – 2019 | Sjarifuddin Sjah (Pretender) | ||||||
• 2021 – present | Hidayatullah Mudaffar Sjah (Pretender) | ||||||
| History | |||||||
• Founded | 1257 | ||||||
• Conversion to Islam | 1486 | ||||||
• Vassalisation by Dutch | 1683 | ||||||
• Final ruler dethroned by Dutch | 1914 | ||||||
• Honorary sultan crowned | 1929 | ||||||
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| Today part of | Indonesia | ||||||
| History of Indonesia |
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| Timeline |
| Indonesia portal |
The Ternate kingdom was established by Momole Cico, the first leader of Ternate, with the title Baab Mashur Malamo, traditionally in 1257. It reached its Golden Age during the reign of Sultan Baabullah (1570–1583) and encompassed most of the eastern part of Indonesia and a part of southern Philippines. Ternate was a major producer of cloves and a regional power from the 15th to 17th centuries.
The dynasty founded by Cico continues to the present, as does the Sultanate itself, although it no longer holds any political power.
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