Titanium tetrachloride
Titanium tetrachloride is the inorganic compound with the formula TiCl4. It is an important intermediate in the production of titanium metal and the pigment titanium dioxide. TiCl4 is a volatile liquid. Upon contact with humid air, it forms thick clouds of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and hydrochloric acid, a reaction that was formerly exploited for use in smoke machines. It is sometimes referred to as “tickle” or “tickle 4”, as a phonetic representation of the symbols of its molecular formula (TiCl4).
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Titanium(IV) chloride | |
| Other names
Titanium tetrachloride Tetrachlorotitanium | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.028.584 |
| EC Number |
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| MeSH | Titanium+tetrachloride |
PubChem CID |
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| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |
| UN number | 1838 |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |
| TiCl4 | |
| Molar mass | 189.679 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colourless liquid |
| Odor | penetrating acid odor |
| Density | 1.726 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | −24.1 °C (−11.4 °F; 249.1 K) |
| Boiling point | 136.4 °C (277.5 °F; 409.5 K) |
| reacts (exothermic hydrolysis) | |
| Solubility | soluble in dichloromethane, toluene, pentane |
| Vapor pressure | 1.3 kPa (20 °C) |
| −54.0·10−6 cm3/mol | |
Refractive index (nD) |
1.61 (10.5 °C) |
| Viscosity | 827 μPa s |
| Structure | |
| Tetragonal | |
| Tetrahedral | |
| 0 D | |
| Thermochemistry | |
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
355 J·mol−1·K−1 |
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−763 kJ·mol−1 |
| Hazards | |
| Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards |
Toxic, corrosive, reacts with water to release HCl |
| GHS labelling: | |
| Danger | |
| H314, H317, H330, H335, H370, H372 | |
| P280, P301+P330+P331, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P310 | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| Safety data sheet (SDS) | MSDS |
| Related compounds | |
Other anions |
Titanium(IV) bromide Titanium(IV) fluoride Titanium(IV) iodide |
Other cations |
Hafnium(IV) chloride Zirconium(IV) chloride |
Related compounds |
Titanium(II) chloride Titanium(III) chloride |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references | |
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