Dichloromethane
Dichloromethane (DCM, methylene chloride, or methylene bichloride) is an organochlorine compound with the formula CH2Cl2. This colorless, volatile liquid with a chloroform-like, sweet odor is widely used as a solvent. Although it is not miscible with water, it is slightly polar, and miscible with many organic solvents.
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| Names | |||
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| Preferred IUPAC name
Dichloromethane | |||
| Other names
Methylene bichloride; Methylene chloride gas; Methylene dichloride; Solmethine; Narkotil; Solaesthin; Di-clo; Refrigerant-30; Freon-30; R-30; DCM; MDC | |||
| Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol) |
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| ChEBI | |||
| ChEMBL | |||
| ChemSpider | |||
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.763 | ||
| EC Number |
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| KEGG | |||
PubChem CID |
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| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |||
| UN number | 1593 | ||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |||
| CH2Cl2 | |||
| Molar mass | 84.93 g·mol−1 | ||
| Appearance | Colorless liquid | ||
| Odor | Faint, chloroform-like | ||
| Density | 1.3266 g/cm3 (20 °C) | ||
| Melting point | −96.7 °C (−142.1 °F; 176.5 K) | ||
| Boiling point | 39.6 °C (103.3 °F; 312.8 K) decomposes at 720 °C 39.75 °C (103.55 °F; 312.90 K) at 760 mmHg | ||
| 25.6 g/L (15 °C) 17.5 g/L (25 °C) 15.8 g/L (30 °C) 5.2 g/L (60 °C) | |||
| Solubility | Miscible in ethyl acetate, alcohol, hexanes, benzene, CCl4, diethyl ether, CHCl3 | ||
| log P | 1.19 | ||
| Vapor pressure | 0.13 kPa (−70.5 °C) 2 kPa (−40 °C) 19.3 kPa (0 °C) 57.3 kPa (25 °C) 79.99 kPa (35 °C) | ||
Henry's law constant (kH) |
3.25 L·atm/mol | ||
| −46.6·10−6 cm3/mol | |||
Refractive index (nD) |
1.4244 (20 °C) | ||
| Viscosity | 0.43 cP (20 °C) 0.413 cP (25 °C) | ||
| Structure | |||
| 1.6 D | |||
| Thermochemistry | |||
Heat capacity (C) |
102.3 J/(mol·K) | ||
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
174.5 J/(mol·K) | ||
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−124.3 kJ/mol | ||
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) |
-454.0 kJ/mol (from standard enthalpies of formation) | ||
| Hazards | |||
| Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |||
Eye hazards |
Irritant | ||
| GHS labelling: | |||
| Warning | |||
| H315, H319, H335, H336, H351, H373 | |||
| P261, P281, P305+P351+P338 | |||
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
| Flash point | None, but can form flammable vapor-air mixtures above ≈100 °C | ||
| 556 °C (1,033 °F; 829 K) | |||
| Explosive limits | 13%-23% | ||
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |||
LD50 (median dose) |
1.25 g/kg (rats, oral) 2 g/kg (rabbits, oral) | ||
LC50 (median concentration) |
24,929 ppm (rat, 30 min) 14,400 ppm (mouse, 7 h) | ||
LCLo (lowest published) |
5000 ppm (guinea pig, 2 h) 10,000 ppm (rabbit, 7 h) 12,295 ppm (cat, 4.5 h) 14,108 ppm (dog, 7 h) | ||
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |||
PEL (Permissible) |
25 ppm over 8 hours (time-weighted average), 125 ppm over 15 minutes (STEL) | ||
REL (Recommended) |
Ca | ||
IDLH (Immediate danger) |
Ca [2300 ppm] | ||
| Legal status |
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| Supplementary data page | |||
| Dichloromethane (data page) | |||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references | |||
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