Timeline of thermodynamics

A timeline of events in the history of thermodynamics.

State
Equation of state Ideal gas Real gas State of matter Phase (matter) Equilibrium Control volume Instruments
Processes
Isobaric Isochoric Isothermal Adiabatic Isentropic Isenthalpic Quasistatic Polytropic Free expansion Reversibility Irreversibility Endoreversibility
Cycles
Heat engines Heat pumps Thermal efficiency

System properties

Note: Conjugate variables in italics

Process functions
Property diagrams Intensive and extensive properties
Work Heat
Functions of state
Temperature / Entropy (introduction) Pressure / Volume Chemical potential / Particle number Vapor quality Reduced properties

Material properties

Property databases

Specific heat capacity

c=

$T$	$\partial S$
$N$	$\partial T$

Compressibility

\beta =-

$1$	$\partial V$
$V$	$\partial p$

Thermal expansion

\alpha =

$1$	$\partial V$
$V$	$\partial T$

History
Culture

History
General Entropy Gas laws "Perpetual motion" machines
Philosophy
Entropy and time Entropy and life Brownian ratchet Maxwell's demon Heat death paradox Loschmidt's paradox Synergetics
Theories
Caloric theory Vis viva ("living force") Mechanical equivalent of heat Motive power
Key publications
An Experimental Enquiry Concerning ... Heat On the Equilibrium of Heterogeneous Substances Reflections on the Motive Power of Fire
Timelines
Thermodynamics Heat engines
Art Education
Maxwell's thermodynamic surface Entropy as energy dispersal

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