Sodium chloride

Sodium chloride
	; Sodium chloride crystals in a form of halite
	; Crystal structure with sodium in purple and chloride in green
Names
	IUPAC name Sodium chloride
	Other names common salt, regular salt; halite, rock salt; table salt, sea salt; saline;
Identifiers
CAS Number	7647-14-5 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
Beilstein Reference	3534976
ChEBI	CHEBI:26710 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1200574 ;
ChemSpider	5044 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.028.726
EC Number	231-598-3;
Gmelin Reference	13673
KEGG	D02056 ;
MeSH	Sodium+chloride
PubChem CID	5234;
RTECS number	VZ4725000;
UNII	451W47IQ8X ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID3021271 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/ClH.Na/h1H;/q;+1/p-1 Key: FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M ; InChI=1/ClH.Na/h1H;/q;+1/p-1 Key: FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-REWHXWOFAE;
	SMILES [Na+].[Cl-];
Properties
Chemical formula	NaCl
Molar mass	58.443 g/mol
Appearance	Colorless cubic crystals
Odor	Odorless
Density	2.17 g/cm3
Melting point	800.7 °C (1,473.3 °F; 1,073.8 K)
Boiling point	1,465 °C (2,669 °F; 1,738 K)
Solubility in water	360 g/L (25°C)
Solubility in ammonia	21.5 g/L
Solubility in methanol	14.9 g/L
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−30.2·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.5441 (at 589 nm)
Structure
Crystal structure	Face-centered cubic; (see text), cF8
Space group	Fm3m (No. 225)
Lattice constant	a = 564.02 pm
Formula units (Z)	4
Coordination geometry	octahedral at Na+; octahedral at Cl−
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)	50.5 J/(K·mol)
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	72.10 J/(K·mol)
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−411.120 kJ/mol
Pharmacology
ATC code	A12CA01 (WHO) B05CB01 (WHO), B05XA03 (WHO), S01XA03 (WHO)
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	0 0 0
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	3 g/kg (oral, rats)
Related compounds
Other anions	Sodium fluoride; Sodium bromide; Sodium iodide; Sodium astatide
Other cations	Lithium chloride; Potassium chloride; Rubidium chloride; Caesium chloride; Francium chloride
Supplementary data page
	Sodium chloride (data page)
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Sodium chloride /ˌsoʊdiəm ˈklɔːraɪd/, commonly known as table salt, is an ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chloride ions. Sodium chloride is the salt most responsible for the salinity of seawater and of the extracellular fluid of many multicellular organisms. In its edible form, it is commonly used as a condiment and food preservative. Large quantities of sodium chloride are used in many industrial processes, and it is a major source of sodium and chlorine compounds used as feedstocks for further chemical syntheses. Another major application of sodium chloride is deicing of roadways in sub-freezing weather.

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