Cadmium chloride

Cadmium chloride
Names
	IUPAC name Cadmium dichloride
	Other names Cadmium(II) chloride
Identifiers
CAS Number	10108-64-2 ; (hemipentahydrate): 7790-78-5 ; (monohydrate): 35658-65-2;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image; (hemipentahydrate): Interactive image; (monohydrate): Interactive image;
Beilstein Reference	3902835
ChEBI	CHEBI:35456 ;
ChemSpider	23035 ; (hemipentahydrate): 17339510; (monohydrate): 4447434;
ECHA InfoCard	100.030.256
EC Number	233-296-7; (hemipentahydrate): 813-696-3;
Gmelin Reference	912918
KEGG	C15233;
PubChem CID	24947; (hemipentahydrate): 24978551; (monohydrate): 5284356;
RTECS number	EV0175000;
UNII	J6K4F9V3BA ; (hemipentahydrate): 2R707SXC9H ;
UN number	2570
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID6020226 ; (hemipentahydrate): DTXSID4040183;
	InChI InChI=1S/Cd.2ClH/h;21H/q+2;;/p-2 Key: YKYOUMDCQGMQQO-UHFFFAOYSA-L ; InChI=1/Cd.2ClH/h;21H/q+2;;/p-2 Key: YKYOUMDCQGMQQO-NUQVWONBAG; (hemipentahydrate): InChI=1S/2Cd.4ClH.5H2O/h;;41H;51H2/q2+2;;;;;;;;;/p-4 Key: DZVRGWYMCGLNKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J; (monohydrate): InChI=1S/Cd.2ClH.H2O/h;21H;1H2/q+2;;;/p-2 Key: OISMQLUZKQIKII-UHFFFAOYSA-L;
	SMILES [Cd+2].[Cl-].[Cl-]; (hemipentahydrate): O.O.O.O.O.[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cd+2].[Cd+2]; (monohydrate): O.[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cd+2];
Properties
Chemical formula	CdCl2
Molar mass	183.31 g·mol−1
Appearance	White solid, hygroscopic
Odor	Odorless
Density	4.047 g/cm3 (anhydrous); 3.26 g/cm3 (monohydrate) ; 3.327 g/cm3 (Hemipentahydrate)
Melting point	568 °C (1,054 °F; 841 K)
Boiling point	964 °C (1,767 °F; 1,237 K)
Solubility in water	Hemipentahydrate:; 79.5 g/100 mL (−10 °C); 90 g/100 mL (0 °C); Monohydrate:; 119.6 g/100 mL (25 °C); 134.3 g/100 mL (40 °C); 134.2 g/100 mL (60 °C); 147 g/100 mL (100 °C)
Solubility	Soluble in alcohol, selenium(IV) oxychloride, benzonitrile; Insoluble in ether, acetone
Solubility in pyridine	4.6 g/kg (0 °C); 7.9 g/kg (4 °C); 8.1 g/kg (15 °C); 6.7 g/kg (30 °C); 5 g/kg (100 °C)
Solubility in ethanol	1.3 g/100 g (10 °C); 1.48 g/100 g (20 °C); 1.91 g/100 g (40 °C); 2.53 g/100 g (70 °C)
Solubility in dimethyl sulfoxide	18 g/100 g (25 °C)
Vapor pressure	0.01 kPa (471 °C); 0.1 kPa (541 °C)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−6.87·10−5 cm3/mol
Viscosity	2.31 cP (597 °C); 1.87 cP (687 °C)
Structure
Crystal structure	Rhombohedral, hR9 (anhydrous); Monoclinic (hemipentahydrate)
Space group	R3m, No. 166 (anhydrous)
Point group	3 2/m (anhydrous)
Lattice constant	a = 3.846 Å, c = 17.479 Å (anhydrous) α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 120°
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)	74.7 J/mol·K
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	115.3 J/mol·K
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−391.5 kJ/mol
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵)	−343.9 kJ/mol
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H301, H330, H340, H350, H360, H372, H410
Precautionary statements	P210, P260, P273, P284, P301+P310, P310
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	4 0 0
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	94 mg/kg (rats, oral); 60 mg/kg (mouse, oral); 88 mg/kg (rat, oral)
	NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	[1910.1027] TWA 0.005 mg/m3 (as Cd)
REL (Recommended)	Ca
IDLH (Immediate danger)	Ca [9 mg/m3 (as Cd)]
Safety data sheet (SDS)	External MSDS
Related compounds
Other anions	Cadmium fluoride; Cadmium bromide; Cadmium iodide
Other cations	Zinc chloride; Mercury(II) chloride; Calcium chloride
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Cadmium chloride is a white crystalline compound of cadmium and chloride, with the formula CdCl₂. This salt is a hygroscopic solid that is highly soluble in water and slightly soluble in alcohol. The crystal structure of cadmium chloride (described below), is a reference for describing other crystal structures. Also known are CdCl₂•H₂O and the hemipentahydrate CdCl₂•2.5H₂O.

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