Whittaker Chambers
Whittaker Chambers (born Jay Vivian Chambers; April 1, 1901 – July 9, 1961) was an American writer and intelligence agent. After early years as a Communist Party member (1925) and Soviet spy (1932–1938), he defected from the Soviet underground (1938), worked for Time magazine (1939–1948), and then testified about the Ware Group in what became the Hiss case for perjury (1949–1950), often referred to as the trial of the century, all described in his 1952 memoir Witness. Afterwards, he worked as a senior editor at National Review (1957–1959). US President Ronald Reagan awarded him the Presidential Medal of Freedom posthumously in 1984.
Whittaker Chambers | |
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Chambers in 1948 | |
| Born | Jay Vivian Chambers April 1, 1901 |
| Died | July 9, 1961 (aged 60) Westminster, Maryland, U.S. |
| Alma mater | Columbia University |
| Occupation(s) | Journalist, writer, spy, poet, translator |
| Spouse | Esther Shemitz |
| Children | Ellen Chambers, John Chambers |
| Espionage activity | |
| Allegiance | Soviet Union United States |
| Service branch | "Communist underground" controlled by the GRU |
| Service years | 1932–1938 (spy), 1922–1959 (writer, poet), 1926–1939 (translator) |
| Codename | Carl (Karl) |
| Codename | Bob |
| Codename | David Breen |
| Codename | Lloyd Cantwell |
| Codename | Carl Schroeder |
| This article is part of a series on |
| Conservatism in the United States |
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