Straits Settlements
The Straits Settlements were a group of British territories located in Southeast Asia. Originally established in 1826 as part of the territories controlled by the British East India Company, the Straits Settlements came under British Raj control in 1858 and then under direct British control as a Crown colony in 1867. In 1946, following the end of the Second World War and the Japanese occupation, the colony was dissolved as part of Britain's reorganisation of its Southeast Asian dependencies in the area.
Straits Settlements | |
|---|---|
| 1826–1946 | |
| Anthem: "God Save the King" (1826–1837; 1901–1942; 1945–1946) "God Save the Queen" (1837–1901) | |
| Status |
|
| Capital | George Town (1826–1832) Singapore (1832–1946) |
| Official languages | English |
| Common languages | |
| Government | Monarchy |
| Monarch | |
• 1826–1830 (first) | George IV |
• 1936–1946 (last) | George VI |
| Governor | |
• 1826–1830 (first) | Robert Fullerton |
• 1934–1946 (last) | Shenton Thomas |
| Historical era | British Empire |
| 17 March 1824 | |
• Established under East India Co. rule | 1826 |
• Converted to Crown colony | 1 April 1867 |
• Labuan incorporated | 1 January 1907 |
| 15 February 1942 | |
• Formal surrender by Japan to British Military Administration | 12 September 1945 |
| 1 April 1946 | |
• Labuan to Crown Colony of North Borneo | 15 July 1946 |
| Currency | Straits dollar (1898–1939) Malayan dollar (1939–1946) |
| Today part of | Malaysia Australia Singapore |
The Straits Settlements originally consisted of the four individual settlements of Penang, Singapore, Malacca, and Dinding. Christmas Island and the Cocos Islands were added in 1886. The island of Labuan, off the coast of Borneo, was also incorporated into the colony with effect from 1 January 1907, becoming a separate settlement within it in 1912. Most of the territories now form part of Malaysia, from which Singapore separated in 1965. The Cocos (or Keeling) Islands were transferred to Australian control in 1955. Christmas Island was transferred in 1958. Their administration was combined in 1996 to form the Australian Indian Ocean Territories.