PD-L1

CD274
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	3BIK, 3BIS, 3FN3, 3SBW, 4Z18, 4ZQK, 5C3T, 5J89, 5J8O
Identifiers
Aliases	CD274, B7-H, B7H1, PD-L1, PDCD1L1, PDCD1LG1, PDL1, CD274 molecule, Programmed cell death ligand 1, hPD-L1
External IDs	OMIM: 605402 MGI: 1926446 HomoloGene: 8560 GeneCards: CD274
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 9 (human)
End	5,470,566 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 19 (mouse)
End	29,365,495 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	placenta; ; lower lobe of lung; ; pancreatic epithelial cell; ; upper lobe of left lung; ; right lung; ; appendix; ; pancreatic ductal cell; ; right ventricle; ; spleen; ; lymph node;
	Top expressed in
	subcutaneous adipose tissue; ; iris; ; thymus; ; brown adipose tissue; ; blood; ; spleen; ; ciliary body; ; conjunctival fornix; ; right lung lobe; ; cornea;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	protein binding;
Cellular component	integral component of membrane; membrane; cell surface; extracellular exosome; external side of plasma membrane; endomembrane system; plasma membrane; early endosome membrane; recycling endosome membrane; endosome;
Biological process	negative regulation of interleukin-10 production; response to cytokine; negative regulation of interferon-gamma production; negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor superfamily cytokine production; positive regulation of cell migration; T cell costimulation; toxin transport; negative regulation of activated T cell proliferation; regulation of activated T cell proliferation; cell surface receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of T cell proliferation; regulation of T cell apoptotic process; immune response; positive regulation of T cell proliferation; signal transduction; regulation of activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell apoptotic process; positive regulation of activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell apoptotic process; positive regulation of tolerance induction to tumor cell; negative regulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation; immune system process; negative regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation; cellular response to lipopolysaccharide; adaptive immune response;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	29126
	60533
	ENSG00000120217
	ENSMUSG00000016496
	Q9NZQ7
	Q9EP73
	NM_001314029; NM_001267706; NM_014143
	NM_021893
	NP_001254635; NP_001300958; NP_054862
	NP_068693
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) also known as cluster of differentiation 274 (CD274) or B7 homolog 1 (B7-H1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD274 gene.

Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a 40kDa type 1 transmembrane protein that has been speculated to play a major role in suppressing the adaptive arm of immune systems during particular events such as pregnancy, tissue allografts, autoimmune disease and other disease states such as hepatitis. Normally the adaptive immune system reacts to antigens that are associated with immune system activation by exogenous or endogenous danger signals. In turn, clonal expansion of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells and/or CD4+ helper cells is propagated. The binding of PD-L1 to the inhibitory checkpoint molecule PD-1 transmits an inhibitory signal based on interaction with phosphatases (SHP-1 or SHP-2) via Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-Based Switch Motif (ITSM). This reduces the proliferation of antigen-specific T-cells in lymph nodes, while simultaneously reducing apoptosis in regulatory T cells (anti-inflammatory, suppressive T cells) – further mediated by a lower regulation of the gene Bcl-2.

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