Neopentane

Neopentane, also called 2,2-dimethylpropane, is a double-branched-chain alkane with five carbon atoms. Neopentane is a flammable gas at room temperature and pressure which can condense into a highly volatile liquid on a cold day, in an ice bath, or when compressed to a higher pressure.

Neopentane
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
2,2-Dimethylpropane
Other names
Neopentane
Tetramethylmethane
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
1730722
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.006.677
EC Number
  • 207-343-7
1850
MeSH neopentane
UNII
UN number 2044
  • InChI=1S/C5H12/c1-5(2,3)4/h1-4H3 Y
    Key: CRSOQBOWXPBRES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
  • CC(C)(C)C
Properties
C5H12
Molar mass 72.151 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless gas
Odor Odorless
Density 3.255 kg/m3 (gas, 9.5 °C)
601.172 kg/m3 (liquid, 9.5 °C)
Melting point −16.5 °C (2.3 °F; 256.6 K)
Boiling point 9.5 °C (49.1 °F; 282.6 K)
Vapor pressure 146 kPa (at 20 °C)
4.7 nmol Pa−1 kg−1
Thermochemistry
121.07–120.57 J K−1 mol−1
217 J K−1 mol−1
−168.5–−167.3 kJ mol−1
−3.51506–−3.51314 MJ mol−1
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Danger
H220, H411
P210, P273, P377, P381, P391, P403, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
1
4
0
Related compounds
Related alkanes
Related compounds
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Neopentane is the simplest alkane with a quaternary carbon, and has achiral tetrahedral symmetry. It is one of the three structural isomers with the molecular formula C5H12 (pentanes), the other two being n-pentane and isopentane. Out of these three, it is the only one to be a gas at standard conditions; the others are liquids.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.