Isopentane

Isopentane, also called methylbutane or 2-methylbutane, is a branched-chain saturated hydrocarbon (an alkane) with five carbon atoms, with formula C
5H
12 or CH(CH
3)
2(C
2H
5).

Isopentane
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
2-Methylbutane
Other names
Isopentane
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
1730723
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.001.039
EC Number
  • 201-142-8
49318
MeSH isopentane
RTECS number
  • EK4430000
UNII
UN number 1265
  • InChI=1S/C5H12/c1-4-5(2)3/h5H,4H2,1-3H3 Y
    Key: QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
  • CCC(C)C
Properties
C5H12
Molar mass 72.151 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless liquid
Odor Gasoline-like
Density 616 mg mL−1
Melting point −161 to −159 °C; −258 to −254 °F; 112 to 114 K
Boiling point 27.8 to 28.2 °C; 81.9 to 82.7 °F; 300.9 to 301.3 K
Vapor pressure 76.992 kPa (at 20 °C)
7.2 nmol Pa−1 kg−1
UV-vis (λmax) 192 nm
1.354
Viscosity 0.214 cP (at 20 °C)
Thermochemistry
164.85 J K−1 mol−1
260.41 J K−1 mol−1
−179.1–−177.3 kJ mol−1
~ 3.3 MJ mol−1, 19,664 Btu/lb
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Danger
H224, H301, H302, H305, H336, H411
P210, P261, P273, P301+P310, P331
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
1
4
0
Flash point −51 °C (−60 °F; 222 K)
420 °C (788 °F; 693 K)
Explosive limits 1.4–8.3%
Related compounds
Related alkanes
Related compounds
 2-Ethyl-1-butanol
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Isopentane is a volatile and flammable liquid. It is one of three structural isomers with the molecular formula C5H12, the others being pentane (n-pentane) and neopentane (dimethyl propane).

Isopentane is commonly used in conjunction with liquid nitrogen to achieve a liquid bath temperature of −160 °C. Natural gas typically contains 1% or less isopentane, but it is a significant component of natural gasoline.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.