MyoD

MYOD1
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1MDY
Identifiers
Aliases	MYOD1, MYF3, MYOD, PUM, bHLHc1, myogenic differentiation 1, MYODRIF
External IDs	OMIM: 159970 MGI: 97275 HomoloGene: 7857 GeneCards: MYOD1
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 11 (human)
End	17,722,136 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 7 (mouse)
End	46,028,523 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	triceps brachii muscle; ; vastus lateralis muscle; ; gastrocnemius muscle; ; deltoid muscle; ; tibialis anterior muscle; ; jejunum; ; placenta; ; head; ; exocrine gland; ; mouth;
	Top expressed in
	wrist; ; triceps brachii muscle; ; sternocleidomastoid muscle; ; temporal muscle; ; skeletal muscle tissue; ; knee joint; ; extensor digitorum longus muscle; ; extraocular muscle; ; quadriceps femoris muscle; ; vastus lateralis muscle;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	DNA binding; sequence-specific DNA binding; RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; protein dimerization activity; DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; DNA-binding transcription factor activity; transcription factor binding; chromatin binding; RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; E-box binding; protein binding; protein heterodimerization activity; enzyme binding; transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II distal enhancer sequence-specific binding; chromatin DNA binding; ubiquitin protein ligase binding; transcription coactivator activity; DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; promoter-specific chromatin binding;
Cellular component	transcription regulator complex; nucleoplasm; myofibril; nucleus; cytoplasm; cytosol; nuclear body;
Biological process	cell differentiation; myotube differentiation; regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; cellular response to starvation; muscle cell fate commitment; cellular response to estradiol stimulus; skeletal muscle fiber adaptation; muscle organ development; regulation of alternative mRNA splicing, via spliceosome; myotube cell development; positive regulation of skeletal muscle fiber development; negative regulation of myoblast proliferation; transcription, DNA-templated; multicellular organism development; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; protein phosphorylation; regulation of RNA splicing; positive regulation of myoblast fusion; myoblast fate determination; cellular response to glucocorticoid stimulus; positive regulation of myoblast differentiation; skeletal muscle fiber development; histone H3 acetylation; myotube differentiation involved in skeletal muscle regeneration; histone H4 acetylation; skeletal muscle cell differentiation; positive regulation of skeletal muscle tissue regeneration; regulation of gene expression; striated muscle cell differentiation; cellular response to oxygen levels; myoblast fusion; myoblast differentiation; skeletal muscle tissue development; positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; transcription by RNA polymerase II; positive regulation of muscle cell differentiation; cellular response to tumor necrosis factor; positive regulation of snRNA transcription by RNA polymerase II;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	4654
	17927
	ENSG00000129152
	ENSMUSG00000009471
	P15172
	P10085
	NM_002478
	NM_010866
	NP_002469
	NP_034996
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

MyoD, also known as myoblast determination protein 1, is a protein in animals that plays a major role in regulating muscle differentiation. MyoD, which was discovered in the laboratory of Harold M. Weintraub, belongs to a family of proteins known as myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs). These bHLH (basic helix loop helix) transcription factors act sequentially in myogenic differentiation. Vertebrate MRF family members include MyoD1, Myf5, myogenin, and MRF4 (Myf6). In non-vertebrate animals, a single MyoD protein is typically found.

MyoD is one of the earliest markers of myogenic commitment. MyoD is expressed at extremely low and essentially undetectable levels in quiescent satellite cells, but expression of MyoD is activated in response to exercise or muscle tissue damage. The effect of MyoD on satellite cells is dose-dependent; high MyoD expression represses cell renewal, promotes terminal differentiation and can induce apoptosis. Although MyoD marks myoblast commitment, muscle development is not dramatically ablated in mouse mutants lacking the MyoD gene. This is likely due to functional redundancy from Myf5 and/or Mrf4. Nevertheless, the combination of MyoD and Myf5 is vital to the success of myogenesis.

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