Bromochloromethane

Bromochloromethane or methylene bromochloride and Halon 1011 is a mixed halomethane. It is a heavy low-viscosity liquid with refractive index 1.4808.

Bromochloromethane
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Bromo(chloro)methane
Other names
  • Bromochloromethane
  • Borothene
  • Chloromethyl bromide
  • Halon 1011
  • Methylene bromochloride
  • Methyl chlorobromide
  • Monochloromonobromomethane
  • Chlorobromomethane
  • Fluorocarbon 1011
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
3DMet
Abbreviations
  • BCM
  • CBM
  • UN 1887
1730801
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.000.752
EC Number
  • 200-826-3
25577
KEGG
MeSH bromochloromethane
RTECS number
  • PA5250000
UNII
UN number 1887
  • InChI=1S/CH2BrCl/c2-1-3/h1H2 Y
    Key: JPOXNPPZZKNXOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
  • ClCBr
Properties
CH2BrCl
Molar mass 129.38 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless liquid
Odor Chloroform-like
Density 1.991 g·mL−1
Melting point −88.0 °C; −126.3 °F; 185.2 K
Boiling point 68 °C; 154 °F; 341 K
16.7 g·L−1
log P 1.55
Vapor pressure 15.60 kPa (at 20.0 °C)
−86.88·10−6·cm3/mol
1.482
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Danger
H315, H318, H332, H335
P261, P280, P305+P351+P338
Flash point Non-combustible
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
  • 5 g·mol−1 (oral, rat)
  • 20 g·kg−1 (dermal, rabbit)
  • 4300 mg·kg−1 (oral, mouse)
3000 ppm (mouse, 7 hr)
  • 28,800 ppm (rat, 15 min)
  • 29,000 ppm (rat, 15 min)
  • 27,000 ppm (mouse, 15 min)
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 200 ppm (1050 mg/m3)
REL (Recommended)
 TWA 200 ppm (1050 mg/m3)
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 2000 ppm
Related compounds
Related alkanes
Related compounds
 2-Chloroethanol
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Y verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Halon 1011 was invented for use in fire extinguishers in Germany during the mid-1940s, in an attempt to create a less toxic, more effective alternative to carbon tetrachloride. This was a concern in aircraft and tanks as carbon tetrachloride produced highly toxic by-products when discharged onto a fire. It was slightly less toxic, and used up until the late 1960s, being officially banned by the NFPA for use in fire extinguishers in 1969, as safer and more effective agents such as halon 1211 and 1301 were developed. Due to its ozone depletion potential its production was banned from January 1, 2002, at the Eleventh Meeting of the Parties for the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer.

Bromochloromethane's biodegradation is catalyzed by the hydrolase enzyme alkylhalidase:

CH2BrCl + H2O → CH2O + HBr + HCl
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