Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa

Operation Enduring Freedom; Horn of Africa
	Part of the War on Terror and the conflicts in the Horn of Africa
	; French Naval commandos (green) and United States soldiers from the 3rd Infantry Regiment (tan) participate in an exercise at Djibouti in June 2004.
Location	Horn of Africa, Gulf of Aden, Guardafui Channel
Result	21 high level Al-Shabaab leaders killed;
Belligerents
NATO; European Union; SADC; Australia; Azerbaijan; Belarus; Canada; Colombia; Djibouti; Ethiopia; France; Georgia; Germany; Greece; India; Indonesia; Italy; Japan; Kenya; South Korea; Kyrgyzstan; Malaysia; New Zealand; Norway; Pakistan; Poland; Portugal; Russia; Seychelles; Singapore; South Africa; Somalia; Spain; Tajikistan; Thailand; Turkey; Turkmenistan; Uganda; Ukraine; Uzbekistan; United Kingdom; United States;	Insurgents: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant ; (from 2015); al-Qaeda ; (from 2002); Al-Shabaab ; (from 2006); al-Itihaad al-Islamiya ; (2002–06); Hizbul Islam ; (2009–14); Ras Kamboni Brigades ; (2007–10); Jabhatul Islamiya ; (2007–09); Mu'askar Anole ; (2007–09); Pirates: Somali Marines; National Volunteer Coast Guard (NVCG); Marka group; Puntland Group; Yemeni Pirates;
Commanders and leaders
CIC George W Bush (2001–2009); CIC Barack Obama (2009–2014); GEN Tommy Franks (2001–2003); GEN John Abizaid (2003–2007); ADM William J. Fallon (2007–2008); GEN Martin Dempsey (2008–2015); MRAF Sir Graham Stirrup (2003–2011); GEN David Petraeus (2008–2010)	Ahmad Umar ; Abdul Qadir Mumin ; Adan Eyrow †; Abu Mansoor; Abdirahman Godane †; Omar Iman Abubakar; Hassan Turki †; Mohamed Hayle; Mukhtar Abu Ali Aisha; Saleh Ali Saleh Nabhan †; Fazul Mohammed † Garaad Mohamed* ; Indho Ade* ; Mohamed Garfanji*
Strength
	500 personnel in Somalia; Unknown
Casualties and losses
United States; 2 killed in action, 6 wounded; 35 non-combat fatalities (see below) 3 wounded	Islamic insurgents:; 1,230–1,367 militants killed in Somalia; 555+ killed (2017-18); 10 killed (2019); (American operations only); Pirates:; More than 1,200 captured
	22–37 civilians killed; (American operations only)
	Dis: Disbanded; *: Former commanders

Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa (OEF-HOA) is a component of Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF). The Combined Joint Task Force – Horn of Africa (CJTF-HOA) is the primary (but not sole) military component assigned to accomplish the objectives of the mission. The naval components are the multinational Combined Task Force 150 (CTF-150) and Combined Task Force 151 (CTF-151) which operates under the direction of the United States Fifth Fleet. Both of these organizations have been historically part of United States Central Command. In February 2007, United States President George W. Bush announced the establishment of the United States Africa Command which took over all of the area of operations of CJTF-HOA in October 2008.

CJTF-HOA consists of about 2,000 servicemen and women from the United States military and allied countries. The official area of responsibility comprises Sudan, Somalia, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Eritrea, the Seychelles and Kenya. Outside this Combined Joint Operating Area, the CJTF-HOA has operations in Mauritius, the Comoros, Liberia, Rwanda, Uganda and Tanzania.

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