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Questions tagged [instructions]

Questions about instructions of real CPUs, VMs or compiler IRs.

Questions about instructions of real CPUs such as ARM and x86, virtual machines such as Java, or compiler internal representations such as LLVM.

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MIPS Translation of li pseudo command

When using MIPS assembly code, I have been using the li command a lot to store a constant in a register. However, I am trying to take some of my code and decompose all of the pseudo instructions into normal MIPS instructions. From research, I…
Midgar77
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VTune Amplifier XE 2015 architecural anaylsis

I recently downloaded the VTune Amplifier XE 2015 to profile applications. For analysis, I want to profile in terms of both architectural and micro-architectural events. I found that it is possible to get the micro-architectural analysis when…
user782400
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What does the 'bxpl' mean in ARM instruction

I found 'bxpl' in system call's implementation of Bionic C. What's the difference between 'bx' and 'bxpl'? BTW, I searched ARM's document, but found nothing, where should I go to look up info like this? Please help, thanks. /* autogenerated by…
Troy
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What is the addressing mode for ld, add, and rjmp instructions?

Hey guys so I know for ldi (load immediate) that the addressing mode is set to immediate and for the st instruction the addressing mode is set to index. However, I have no idea what they are for the others so I am curious as to what they are!…
Skeeter
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Complete Instruction set

Consider a hypothetical computer with a main memory M having a capacity of 2n−1 n-bit words. The CPU contains an n-bit accumulator AC and an (n−1)-bit program counter PC.It has a repertoire of two n-bit instructions in which the leftmost bits is the…
Aditya Challa
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Calling A Method That Was Just Created. Error Calculating Max Stack Value

so I was fooling around with DNLIB recently, and I was trying to add methods to a .net file. I got the methods from a previously compiled file, so basically, I was trying to mimic the method. There are 3 methods: GetTheTypes, InvokeIt, and…
Mephobia
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Why the program runs out of the normal flow at this instruction

well,i joined a learning course about computing and we're given an executable (PE) to analyze for a certain purpose...while i was tracking instructions to understand the PE i faced an abnormal instruction "INT 1" and when i execute it the program…
afr0ck
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verilog multi-dimensional reg error

This statement: reg [7:0] register_file [3:0] = 0; Produces this error: Error (10673): SystemVerilog error at simpleprocessor.v(27): assignments to unpacked arrays must be aggregate expressions First of all I am using Verilog, not SystemVerilog,…
thejohnny
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Is there a programmatic way to estimate the time my CPU takes to perform a fp operation?

By "fp operation" I mean "floating point operation". I'm working on a Linux box. Is there a system call that returns this value as a static metric or can you test this with an algorithm in C/C++/some other language? edit: I should have mentioned…
kjh
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Hard time understanding execution of machine instructions

Im reading the book "Write great code: understanding the machine" by Randall Hyde, is a great and clear text but here im completely stuck with his explanation of, for example, the mov instruction. He dissects the steps for the mov(srcReg,destMem)…
Zaratustra
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CPU utilisation calculation

A CPU executes , on average 60 machine instructions per μs. suppose that a program process a file of record where reading and writing a record from a file takes 10 μs each. if the program needs to execute 120 machine instructions between each read…
user3735787
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Single-cycle vs a pipelined approach

I understand that single-cycle programs are not very efficient. One reason is because not all instructions are equal in length, but in a single-cycle program, all instructions are completed in the same length of time. In pipeline, throughput is…
user3025403
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Calculating MIPS for multi-cycle vs single-cycle and getting weird answer

I've got a problem where I need to calculate the MIPS for two systems, one single-cycle, and one multi-cycle. I don't think I'm doing the math right, and I was hoping someone would be kind enough to explain what I'm missing. Calculating GHz For my…
SemperCallide
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Assembly AVR Instruction LDI r22, 0x3D

Hi guys I'm trying to work out an AVR Instruction to machine code LDI r22, 0x3D LDI Rd, K 1110 KKKK dddd KKKK so far I've got 1110 0011 dddd 1101 , how can dddd be covered in 4 bits if the maximum is 15.. ? any help would be greatly…
user3528069
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AVR assembler instruction encoding

Is the assembly instruction : dec r21 in 16-bit binary.. 0000000000010100 and also, Is there a conversion table for register values to binary?
user3528069
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