Python co-occurrence of two items in different lists

Question

I have a list of lists like :

names =  [['cat', 'fish'], ['cat'], ['fish', 'dog', 'cat'],
 ['cat', 'bird', 'fish'], ['fish', 'bird']]

I want to count number of times that each pair of names mentioned together in the whole list and the output would be like:

{ ['cat', 'fish']: 3, ['cat', 'dog']: 1,['cat','bird']:1
 ['fish','dog'] : 1, ['fish','bird']:2}

I tried :

from collections import Counter
from collections import defaultdict

co_occurences = defaultdict(Counter)
for tags in names:
    for key in tags:
        co_occurences[key].update(tags)

print co_occurences

but it doesn't count co=occurrences in the main list.

Elmex80s · Answer 1 · 2017-02-26T16:55:15.630

Here it is. I use <= to test if a set is a subset of another set (sets have no order and each element appears exactly once).

import itertools
from pprint import pprint

names = [['cat', 'fish'],
         ['cat'],
         ['fish', 'dog', 'cat'],
         ['cat', 'bird', 'fish'],
         ['fish', 'bird']]

# Flatten the list and make all names unique
unique_names = set(itertools.chain.from_iterable(names))

# Get all combinations of pairs
all_pairs = list(itertools.combinations(unique_names, 2))

# Create the dictionary
result = {pair: len([x for x in names if set(pair) <= set(x)]) for pair in all_pairs}

pprint(result)

This is the output

{('bird', 'cat'): 1,
 ('bird', 'dog'): 0,
 ('bird', 'fish'): 2,
 ('dog', 'cat'): 1,
 ('fish', 'cat'): 3,
 ('fish', 'dog'): 1}

I would suggest to put this in a dedicated function len([x for x in names if set(pair) <= set(x)]) for the values of the dictionary.

Great answer! I would suggest using a dedicated function in your answer, since I think it will make that part of the code more understandable. It took me a while to figure out why you were using `<=`, but once I understood, I really liked it. — Sam Mussmann, Feb 16 '17 at 11:50
@SamMussmann Yes true, will update my answer. I would like to add I did mention to put it in a dedicated function! :-) — Elmex80s, Feb 16 '17 at 11:52

score 3 · Answer 2 · answered Feb 16 '17 at 11:30

You may use the desired result via using itertools.combinations and itertools.chain as:

>>> from itertools import combinations, chain

>>> names =  [['cat', 'fish'], ['cat'], ['fish', 'dog', 'cat'],
...  ['cat', 'bird', 'fish'], ['fish', 'bird']]
>>> uniques = set(chain(*names))
>>> {x: sum(1 for n in names if all(i in n for i in x))  for x in combinations(uniques, 2)}
{('fish', 'dog'): 1, ('dog', 'cat'): 1, ('bird', 'fish'): 2, ('fish', 'cat'): 3, ('bird', 'dog'): 0, ('bird', 'cat'): 1}

score 2 · Accepted Answer · edited Feb 16 '17 at 12:00

You could use the bitwise AND in python and compare them by converting the list of lists to a list of sets

>>> set(['cat','dog']) & set(['cat','dog','monkey','horse','fish'])
set(['dog', 'cat'])

You could use this property and achieve the count you've wanted.

def listOccurences(item, names):
    # item is the list that you want to check, eg. ['cat','fish']
    # names contain the list of list you have.
    set_of_items = set(item) # set(['cat','fish'])
    count = 0
    for value in names:
        if set_of_items & set(value) == set_of_items:
            count+=1
    return count

names =  [['cat', 'fish'], ['cat'], ['fish', 'dog', 'cat'],['cat', 'bird', 'fish'], ['fish', 'bird']]
# Now for each of your possibilities which you can generate
# Chain flattens the list, set removes duplicates, and combinations generates all possible pairs.
permuted_values = list(itertools.combinations(set(itertools.chain.from_iterable(names)), 2))
d = {}
for v in permuted_values:
    d[str(v)] = listOccurences(v, names)
# The key in the dict being a list cannot be possible unless it's converted to a string.
print(d)
# {"['fish', 'dog']": 1, "['cat', 'dog']": 1, "['cat', 'fish']": 3, "['cat', 'bird']": 1, "['fish', 'bird']": 2}

It would be better to create `permuted_values` programmatically, I think. Consider using `itertools.chain`, like Elmex80s's answer. — Sam Mussmann, Feb 16 '17 at 11:51
Sam Mussmann, Completely agree but the intention here was not to solve the permutation issue it's to show the way the counting, I am assuming when the OP asked the way the result had to look the permutation part has already been solved. But yes using itertools to chain and create unique pairs of 2 is definitely possible and recommended. it'd be great if you can make an edit to the answer. — Sudheesh Singanamalla, Feb 16 '17 at 11:56

ᴀʀᴍᴀɴ · Answer 4 · 2017-02-16T11:54:04.353

First compute all 2 combinations of word and if both terms occur in list items increase its value in result dictionary : ( l is list of different elements in whole list):

from collections import defaultdict
from itertools import combinations, chain


names =  [['cat', 'fish'], ['cat'], ['fish', 'dog', 'cat'],
 ['cat', 'bird', 'fish'], ['fish', 'bird']]
l = set(chain.from_iterable(names)) # {'dog', 'bird', 'cat', 'fish'}
result = defaultdict(int)
for x in (list(combinations(l, 2))):
    for y in names:
        if((x[0] in y) and (x[1] in y)):
            result[x[0],x[1]] += 1


result # defaultdict(<class 'int'>, {('fish', 'bird'): 2, ('cat', 'dog'): 1, ('cat', 'fish'): 3, ('fish', 'dog'): 1, ('cat', 'bird'): 1})

score 0 · Answer 5 · edited Mar 03 '18 at 01:34

The solutions listed here didn't work for my large dataset (10s of thousands), they were too slow. The following solution is way faster, it takes a fraction of a second.

Check the Counter class here

https://docs.python.org/2/library/collections.html#collections.Counter

# generate combinations for each sub list seperately
lists_of_pairs = [list(itertools.combinations(sub_list, 2)) for sub_list in names]
# flatten the lists of pairs to 1 large list of pairs
all_pairs = [pair for pairs_list in lists_of_pairs for pair in pairs_list]
# let the Counter do the rest for you
co_occurences_counts = Counter(all_pairs)

what if I want to consider those cases like ['cat','cat']? same name in pairs. — Jitesh, Mar 22 '18 at 13:25

Python co-occurrence of two items in different lists

5 Answers5

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