Vinyl chloride

Vinyl chloride is an organochloride with the formula H2C=CHCl. It is also called vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) or chloroethene. This colorless compound is an important industrial chemical chiefly used to produce the polymer, poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). Vinyl chloride monomer is among the top twenty largest petrochemicals (petroleum-derived chemicals) in world production. The United States remains the largest vinyl chloride manufacturing region because of its low-production-cost position in chlorine and ethylene raw materials. China is also a large manufacturer and one of the largest consumers of vinyl chloride. Vinyl chloride is a flammable gas that has a sweet odor and is carcinogenic. It can be formed in the environment when soil organisms break down chlorinated solvents. Vinyl chloride that is released by industries or formed by the breakdown of other chlorinated chemicals can enter the air and drinking water supplies. Vinyl chloride is a common contaminant found near landfills. Before the 1970s, vinyl chloride was used as an aerosol propellant and refrigerant.

Vinyl chloride
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Chloroethene
Other names
Vinyl chloride monomer
VCM
Chloroethylene
Refrigerant-1140
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
1731576
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.000.756
EC Number
  • 200-831-0
100541
KEGG
RTECS number
  • KU9625000
UNII
UN number 1086
  • InChI=1S/C2H3Cl/c1-2-3/h2H,1H2 Y
    Key: BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
  • InChI=1/C2H3Cl/c1-2-3/h2H,1H2
    Key: BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYAW
  • ClC=C
Properties
C2H3Cl
Molar mass 62.50 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless gas
Odor pleasant
Density 0.911 g/cc
Melting point −153.8 °C (−244.8 °F; 119.3 K)
Boiling point −13.4 °C (7.9 °F; 259.8 K)
2.7 g/L (0.0432 mol/L)
Vapor pressure 2580 mmHg at 20 °C (68 °F)
-35.9·10−6 cm3/mol
Thermochemistry
0.8592 J/K/g (gas)
0.9504 J/K/g (solid)
−94.12 kJ/mol (solid)
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Danger
H220, H350
P201, P202, P210, P281, P308+P313, P377, P381, P403, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
3
4
2
Flash point −61 °C (−78 °F; 212 K)
Explosive limits 3.6–33%
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
TWA 1 ppm C 5 ppm [15-minute]
REL (Recommended)
Ca
IDLH (Immediate danger)
Ca [N.D.]
Related compounds
Related chloroethenes
dichloroethylenes, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Y verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.