Venera 9
Venera 9 (Russian: Венера-9, lit. 'Venus-9'), manufacturer's designation: 4V-1 No. 660, was a Soviet uncrewed space mission to Venus. It consisted of an orbiter and a lander. It was launched on June 8, 1975, at 02:38:00 UTC and had a mass of 4,936 kilograms (10,882 lb). The orbiter was the first spacecraft to orbit Venus, while the lander was the first to return images from the surface of another planet.
Model of Venera 9 | |
| Mission type | Venus orbiter / lander |
|---|---|
| Operator | Lavochkin |
| COSPAR ID | 1975-050A 1975-050D |
| SATCAT no. | 7915 8411 |
| Mission duration | Orbiter: 158 days Lander: 53 minutes Launch to last contact: 292 days |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft | 4V-1 No. 660 |
| Manufacturer | Lavochkin |
| Launch mass | 4,936 kg (10,882 lb) |
| Landing mass | 1,560 kg (3,440 lb) |
| Payload mass | 660 kg (1,455 lb) |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | June 8, 1975, 02:38 UTC |
| Rocket | Proton-K/D |
| Launch site | Baikonur 81/24 |
| End of mission | |
| Last contact | Orbiter primary mission: March 22, 1976 Lander: October 22, 1975 |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Cytherocentric |
| Eccentricity | 0.89002 |
| Pericytherion altitude | 7,625 km (4,738 mi) |
| Apocytherion altitude | 118,072 km (73,367 mi) |
| Inclination | 29.5 degrees |
| Period | 48.3 hours |
| Venus orbiter | |
| Spacecraft component | Orbiter |
| Orbital insertion | October 20, 1975 |
| Venus lander | |
| Spacecraft component | Lander |
| Landing date | October 22, 1975, 05:13 UTC |
| Landing site | 31.01°N 291.64°E (near Beta Regio) |
Stamp of Venera 9 | |
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