Varenicline

Varenicline
Clinical data
Pronunciation	/vəˈrɛnɪkliːn/ və-REN-i-kleen
Trade names	Champix, Chantix, Tyrvaya, others
Other names	OC-01
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a606024
License data	EU EMA: by INN; US DailyMed: Varenicline;
Pregnancy; category	AU: B3;
Routes of; administration	By mouth, nasal spray
Drug class	Nicotinic agonist
ATC code	N07BA03 (WHO) S01XA28 (WHO);
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S4 (Prescription only); CA: ℞-only; UK: POM (Prescription only); US: ℞-only; EU: Rx-only;
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding	<20%
Metabolism	Limited (<10%)
Elimination half-life	24 hours
Excretion	Kidney (81–92%)
Identifiers
	IUPAC name 7,8,9,10-Tetrahydro-6,10-methano-6H-pyrazino[2,3-h] [3]benzazepine;
CAS Number	249296-44-4 ; 375815-87-5;
PubChem CID	5310966; 9906942;
IUPHAR/BPS	5459;
DrugBank	DB01273 ; DBSALT000548;
ChemSpider	4470510 ; 21230360;
UNII	W6HS99O8ZO; 82269ASB48;
KEGG	D08669 ; D06282;
ChEBI	CHEBI:84500 ; CHEBI:84507;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1076903 ; ChEMBL1201135;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID70891447 ;
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C13H13N3
Molar mass	211.268 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES n1c2cc3c(cc2ncc1)[C@@H]4CNC[C@H]3C4;
	InChI InChI=1S/C13H13N3/c1-2-16-13-5-11-9-3-8(6-14-7-9)10(11)4-12(13)15-1/h1-2,4-5,8-9,14H,3,6-7H2/t8-,9+ ; Key:JQSHBVHOMNKWFT-DTORHVGOSA-N ;
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Varenicline, sold under the brand names Chantix and Champix among others, is a medication used for smoking cessation and for the treatment of dry eye disease. It is a nicotinic receptor partial agonist and a cholinergic agonist. When activated, this receptor releases dopamine in the nucleus accumbens, the brain's reward center, thereby reducing cravings and withdrawal symptoms associated with smoking cessation.

Common side effects of varenicline include nausea, insomnia, abnormal dreams, headache, and nasopharyngitis (inflammation of the nose and throat). Despite these potential adverse effects, varenicline has proven efficacy in helping individuals quit smoking. It is estimated that approximately one in eleven smokers who use varenicline successfully remain abstinent from tobacco at six months.

It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. The medication is available as a generic medication. In the United States, varenicline was prescribed over 1 million times in 2020, ranking as the 275th most commonly prescribed medication.

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