Nicotine withdrawal

Nicotine withdrawal is a group of symptoms that occur in the first few weeks after stopping or decreasing use of nicotine. Symptoms include intense cravings for nicotine, anger or irritability, anxiety, depression, impatience, trouble sleeping, restlessness, hunger or weight gain, and difficulty concentrating. Withdrawal symptoms make it harder to quit nicotine products, and most methods for quitting smoking involve reducing nicotine withdrawal. Quit smoking programs can make it easier to quit. Nicotine withdrawal is recognized in both the American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual and the WHO International Classification of Diseases.

Nicotine withdrawal
Nicotine molecule
SpecialtyPsychiatry
SymptomsCravings for nicotine, anger or irritability, anxiety, depression, impatience, trouble sleeping, diarrhea, restlessness, hunger or weight gain, and difficulty concentrating
Usual onset2-3 hours after last intake of nicotine
Duration2-4 weeks
CausesPhysical dependence
Diagnostic methodBased on symptoms
TreatmentNicotine replacement therapy

Pharmacological treatment (bupropion, varenicline, cytisine, nortriptyline, clonidine)

Cognitive behavioural therapy
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