Uttarakhand

Uttarakhand (English: /ˈʊtərɑːkʌnd/, /ˌʊtərəˈkʌnd/ or /ˌʊtəˈrækənd/; Hindi: [ˈʊtːərɑːkʰəɳɖ], lit.'Northern Land'), formerly known as Uttaranchal (English: /ˌʊtəˈrænʌl/; the official name until 2007), is a state in northern India. The state is divided into two divisions, Garhwal and Kumaon, with a total of 13 districts. The winter capital and largest city of the state is Dehradun, which is also a railhead. On 5 March 2020, Bhararisain, a town in the Gairsain Tehsil of the Chamoli district, was declared as the summer capital of Uttarakhand. The High Court of the state is located in Nainital, but is to be moved to Haldwani in future.

Uttarakhand
State of Uttarakhand
Etymology: Northern Land
Nickname: 
"Devbhumi" (Land of Gods)
Motto: 
Satyameva Jayate (Truth alone triumphs)
Anthem: Uttarakhand Devbhumi Matribhumi
("Uttarakhand, Land of the Gods, O Motherland!")
Location of Uttarakhand in India
Coordinates: 30.33°N 78.06°E / 30.33; 78.06 (Dehradun)
Country India
RegionNorth India
Before wasPart of Uttar Pradesh
As stateNovember 9, 2000
Formation
(by bifurcation)
9 November 2000
CapitalBhararisain
Dehradun (winter)
Largest cityDehradun
Districts13
Government
  BodyGovernment of Uttarakhand
  GovernorGurmit Singh
  Chief ministerPushkar Singh Dhami (BJP)
State LegislatureUnicameral
  AssemblyUttarakhand Legislative Assembly (70 seats)
National ParliamentParliament of India
  Rajya Sabha3 seats
  Lok Sabha5 seats
High CourtUttarakhand High Court
Area
  Total53,483 km2 (20,650 sq mi)
  Rank19th
Dimensions
  Length320 km (200 mi)
  Width385 km (239 mi)
Highest elevation7,816 m (25,643 ft)
Lowest elevation187 m (614 ft)
Population
 (2011)
  Total 10,086,292
  Rank21st
  Density189/km2 (490/sq mi)
  Urban
30.23%
  Rural
69.77%
DemonymsUttarakhandi
Language
  OfficialHindi
  Additional officialSanskrit
  Official scriptDevanagari script
GDP
  Total (2019–2020)2.93 lakh crore (US$37 billion)
  Rank20th
  Per capita220,275 (US$2,800) (10th)
Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)
ISO 3166 codeIN-UK
Vehicle registrationUK
HDI (2022) 0.758 High (7th)
Literacy (2011) 78.82% (16th)
Sex ratio (2011)963/1000 (4th)
Websiteuk.gov.in
Symbols of Uttarakhand
SongUttarakhand Devbhumi Matribhumi
("Uttarakhand, Land of the Gods, O Motherland!")
Foundation dayUttarakhand Day
BirdHimalayan monal
ButterflyWest Himalayan Common Peacock
FishGolden Mahseer
FlowerBrahma Kamal
MammalAlpine musk deer
TreeBurans
State highway mark
State highway of Uttarakhand
List of Indian state symbols

Uttarakhand borders the Tibet Autonomous Region of China to the north; the Sudurpashchim Province of Nepal to the east; the Indian states of Uttar Pradesh to the south and Himachal Pradesh to the west and north-west. It is often referred to as the "Devbhumi" (lit.'Land of the Gods') due to its religious significance and numerous Hindu temples and pilgrimage centres found throughout the state. Uttarakhand is known for the natural environment of the Himalayas, the Bhabar and the Terai regions.

In 1816, most of modern Uttarakhand was ceded to the British as part of the Treaty of Sugauli. Although the erstwhile hill kingdoms of Garhwal and Kumaon were traditional rivals, the proximity of different neighbouring ethnic groups and the inseparable and complementary nature of their geography, economy, culture, language, and traditions created strong bonds between the two regions, which further strengthened during the Uttarakhand movement for statehood in the 1990s.

The natives of the state are generally called Uttarakhandi, or more specifically either Garhwali or Kumaoni depending on their region of origin. According to the 2011 Census of India, Uttarakhand has a population of 10,086,292, making it the 20th most populous state in India.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.