Government of the Grand National Assembly
The Government of the Grand National Assembly (Turkish: Büyük Millet Meclisi Hükûmeti), self-identified as the State of Turkey (Türkiye Devleti) or Turkey (Türkiye), commonly known as the Ankara Government (Ankara Hükûmeti), or archaically the Angora Government, was the provisional and revolutionary Turkish government based in Ankara (then known as Angora) during the Turkish War of Independence (1919–1923) and during the final years of the Ottoman Empire. It was led by the Turkish National Movement, as opposed to the crumbling Constantinople Government/Istanbul Government, which was led by the Ottoman Sultan.
State of Turkey Türkiye Devleti | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1920–1923 | |||||||||||||||||
| Motto: Ya istiklâl ya ölüm! "Independence or death!" | |||||||||||||||||
De Jure Situation in the Ottoman Empire following the Treaty of Sèvres. | |||||||||||||||||
| Capital | Ankara (de facto) | ||||||||||||||||
| Official languages | Turkish | ||||||||||||||||
| Religion | Islam (official) | ||||||||||||||||
| Government | Provisional government under a parliamentary republic | ||||||||||||||||
| Speaker | |||||||||||||||||
• 1920–1923 | Mustafa Kemalab | ||||||||||||||||
| Prime Minister | |||||||||||||||||
• 1920–1921 | Mustafa Kemal | ||||||||||||||||
• 1921–1922 | Mustafa Fevzi | ||||||||||||||||
• 1922–1923 | Hüseyin Rauf | ||||||||||||||||
• 1923 | Ali Fethi | ||||||||||||||||
| Legislature | Grand National Assembly | ||||||||||||||||
| Historical era | War of Independence | ||||||||||||||||
| 23 April 1920 | |||||||||||||||||
| 3 May 1920 | |||||||||||||||||
| 20 January 1921 | |||||||||||||||||
| 11 October 1922 | |||||||||||||||||
| 1 November 1922 | |||||||||||||||||
| 24 July 1923 | |||||||||||||||||
| 29 October 1923 | |||||||||||||||||
| Population | |||||||||||||||||
• | 6–7 million | ||||||||||||||||
| Currency | Ottoman lira | ||||||||||||||||
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| Today part of | Turkey | ||||||||||||||||
During the War of Independence, the Government of the Grand National Assembly commanded the army known as Kuva-yi Milliye ("National Forces"). After the war and victory over the monarchist Constantinople Government, the republican Ankara Government declared the end of the Ottoman Empire and the creation of the Republic of Turkey from its ashes in 1923. The Grand National Assembly is today the parliamentary body of Turkey.