Three Ds of antisemitism

The "three Ds" or the "3D test" of antisemitism is a set of criteria formulated by Israeli human rights advocate and politician Natan Sharansky in order to distinguish legitimate criticism of Israel from antisemitism. The three Ds stand for delegitimization, demonization, and double standards, each of which, according to the test, indicates antisemitism.

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Manifestations Academic Alt-right American History 21st century Arab Argentine Australia Austrian Belarusian Belgian British Conservative Party Labour Party Canadian Chinese Chilean Costa Rican Christian Christian Identity Creativity Economic European French Dreyfus affair 21st-century Gaza War German Greek Holocaust denial Hungarian Imperial Russian Islamic Italian Japanese Jewish Medieval Nation of Islam Nazism Neo-Nazi Strasserism New Zealand Norwegian New Olympic Pakistani Palestinian Racial Religious Romanian Russian Saudi textbook controversy Secondary South African Soviet Stalinist Spanish Swedish Turkish Ukrainian Venezuelan Worldwide COVID-19 pandemic incidents Zionist
Antisemitic tropes Andinia Plan Blood libel Cohen Plan Cultural Bolshevism Cultural Marxism Deicide Finance control Franklin Prophecy Host desecration International Jewish conspiracy Jewish lobby Jewish war conspiracy theory Judensau Judeo-Bolshevism Żydokomuna Judeo-Masonism Kosher tax Media control QAnon Rootless cosmopolitan Doctors' plot Slánský trial Stab-in-the-back myth Well poisoning White genocide ZOG conspiracy
Antisemitic publications The Barnes Review Culture of Critique Currency Wars The Dearborn Independent Ethnic Cleansing (video game) La France juive Hitlers Zweites Buch Hunter (William Luther Pierce) 1988 Hamas Charter The International Jew La Libre Parole The Light Mein Kampf On the Jews and Their Lies Our Race Will Rule Undisputed Over The World Protocols of the Elders of Zion The Secret Relationship Between Blacks and Jews Siege The Turner Diaries
Antisemitism on the Internet 4chan (/pol/) 8chan The Daily Stormer Disclose.tv Europa: The Last Battle Gab Goebbels Gap GoyimTV Groypers Jew Watch Metapedia The Occidental Observer Red Ice Renegade Tribune The Right Stuff (blog) Stormfront Terrorgram Triple parentheses TruNews The Unz Review Veterans Today
Prominent figures Baked Alaska Andrew Anglin Louis Beam Don Black James von Brunn Richard Girnt Butler Édouard Drumont David Duke Adolf Eichmann Louis Farrakhan Henry Ford Theodor Fritsch Nick Fuentes Joseph Goebbels Heinrich Himmler Adolf Hitler Arthur J. Jones Osama bin Laden David Lane Ernest G. Liebold Martin Luther Kevin MacDonald Eustace Mullins William Luther Pierce Richard B. Spencer Joseph Stalin Julius Streicher Kevin Alfred Strom Rick Wiles Ernst Zündel Corneliu Zelea Codreanu Ion Antonescu Horia Sima A. C. Cuza Octavian Goga Gheorghe Buzatu Nae Ionescu Nichifor Crainic Ioan Slavici László Ferenczy Philippe Pétain Symon Petliura Stepan Bandera Gamal Abdel Nasser Richard Wagner
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Opposition Anti-Defamation League Campaign Against Antisemitism Community Security Trust Fundamental Rights Agency Jerusalem Declaration on Antisemitism Philosemitism Simon Wiesenthal Center Southern Poverty Law Center Stephen Roth Institute Swedish Committee Against Antisemitism Union of Councils for Soviet Jews UN Watch U.S. National Strategy to Counter Antisemitism Wiener Holocaust Library Working definition of antisemitism Yad Vashem
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The test is intended to draw the line between on one hand legitimate criticism of Israel, its actions and policies, and on the other hand antisemitism hidden behind a facade of anti-Zionism. The three Ds test is intended to rebut arguments that "any criticism toward the State of Israel is considered antisemitic, and therefore legitimate criticism is silenced and ignored." This test was adopted by the U.S. Department of State in 2010, but later replaced by the Working Definition of Antisemitism in 2017.

The test has been criticized for vagueness, and has raised concerns of possible abuse among some people that it labels legitimate criticism of Israeli policies as antisemitic.

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