Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic
The Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic, also commonly known as Soviet Tajikistan, the Tajik SSR, or simply Tajikistan, was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union which existed from 1929 to 1991 located in Central Asia.
Tajik Socialist Soviet Republic (1929–1936) Ҷумҳурии Сотсиалистии Шӯравии Тоҷикистон Jumhurii Sotsialistii Šūravii Tojikiston (Tajik) Таджикская Социалистическая Советская Республика (Russian) Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic (1936–1991) Ҷумҳурии Шӯравии Сотсиалистии Тоҷикистон Jumhurii Šūravii Sotsialistii Tojikiston (Tajik) Таджикская Советская Социалистическая Республика (Russian) Republic of Tajikistan (1991) Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон Jumhurii Tojikiston (Tajik) Республика Таджикистан (Russian) | |||||||||
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| 1929–1991 | |||||||||
Flag (1953–1991)
State emblem
(1940–1991) | |||||||||
| Motto: Пролетарҳои ҳамаи мамлакатҳо, як шавед! (Tajik) Proletarhoi hamai mamlakatho, yak shaved! (transliteration) "Proletarians of all nations, unite!" | |||||||||
| Anthem: "Gimni Respublikai Sovetii Sotsialistii Tojikiston" "Anthem of the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic" | |||||||||
Location of Tajikistan (red) within the Soviet Union | |||||||||
| Status | Soviet Socialist Republic | ||||||||
| Capital and largest city | Dushanbea | ||||||||
| Official languages | Tajik · Russian | ||||||||
| Religion | State atheism | ||||||||
| Demonym(s) | Tajik Soviet | ||||||||
| Government | Unitary Marxist-Leninist single-party Soviet socialist republic (1929–1990) Unitary presidential republic (1990–1991) | ||||||||
| First Secretary | |||||||||
• 1929–1933 (first) | Mirza Davud Huseynov | ||||||||
• 1985–1991 (last) | Qahhor Mahkamov | ||||||||
| Head of state | |||||||||
• 1929–1933 (first) | Nusratullo Maksum | ||||||||
• 1991 (last) | Rahmon Nabiyev | ||||||||
| Head of government | |||||||||
• 1929–1933 (first) | Abdurrahim Hojibayev | ||||||||
• 1986–1991 (last) | Izatullo Khayoyev | ||||||||
| Legislature | Supreme Soviet | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
• Union republic proclaimed | 5 December 1929 | ||||||||
• Name adopted | 5 December 1936 | ||||||||
| 12 February 1990 | |||||||||
• Sovereignty declared | 24 August 1990 | ||||||||
• Renamed the Republic of Tajikistan | 31 August 1991 | ||||||||
• Independence declared | 9 September 1991 | ||||||||
• Independence recognized | 26 December 1991 | ||||||||
| HDI | 0.258 low | ||||||||
| Currency | Soviet ruble (Rbl) (SUR) | ||||||||
| Calling code | +7 377/379 | ||||||||
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| Today part of | Tajikistan | ||||||||
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| Eastern Bloc |
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| History of Tajikistan |
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| Timeline |
| Tajikistan portal |
The Tajik Republic was created on 5 December 1929 as a national entity for the Tajik people within the Soviet Union. It succeeded the Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Tajik SSR), which had been created on 14 October 1924 as a part of the predominantly Turkic Uzbek SSR in the process of national delimitation in Soviet Central Asia. On 24 August 1990, the Tajik SSR declared sovereignty in its borders. The republic was renamed the Republic of Tajikistan on 31 August 1991 and declared its independence from the disintegrating Soviet Union on 9 September 1991; thus modern Tajikistan is its direct legal successor state.
Geographically, at 143,100 km2 (55,300 sq mi), it was bordered by Afghanistan to the south, China to the east, Pakistan to the south, separated by the narrow Wakhan Corridor, as well as internally by fellow Soviet republics of Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north. Notably, the Tajik SSR was the only republic of the Soviet Union to be separated from the Russian SFSR by more than one other republic.