Sufan movement

The Sufan movement (simplified Chinese: 肃反运动; traditional Chinese: 肅反運動; "Campaign to Eradicate Hidden Counterrevolutionaries") was a purge of perceived opponents in the People's Republic of China under Mao Zedong, between 1955 and 1957. The term "sufan" is short for "肅清暗藏的反革命分子", which means "to purge of the hidden counterrevolutionaries"; similar campaigns had been carried out within the Chinese Communist Party as early as 1932. Mao directed that 5 percent of counter-revolutionaries were to be eliminated. During the purge, around 214,000 people were arrested and approximately 53,000 died.

Sufan Movement
Native name	肃反运动
Location	China
Date	1955 July 1955 – October 1957
Target	Counter-revolutionaries, intellectuals, former KMT officials and political opponents of Mao Zedong, attack against "bureaucraticism" and soviet sympathetic officials
Attack type	Political repression
Deaths	53,000 (Estimated)
Victims	214,000 (Arrested), 18 Million (Total targeted for "investigation")
Perpetrators	Chinese Communist Party, Mao Zedong
Motive	Elimination of political opponents of Mao Zedong, intellectuals and foreign forces

History of the People's Republic of China

1949–1976
Mao era Revolution Proclamation Korean War Land Reform Movement Zhen Fan Three-anti and Five-anti Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence Bandung Conference Sufan Hundred Flowers Anti-Rightist Two Bombs, One Satellite Great Leap Forward (Great Chinese Famine) Seven Thousand Cadres Conference Socialist Education Movement Cultural Revolution Restoring legitimate seat in the UN 1972 visit by Richard Nixon to China
1976–1989
Transition and Deng era Arrest of the Gang of Four Boluan Fanzheng 1978 Truth Criterion Controversy Message to Compatriots in Taiwan Reforms and Opening-up Establishment of China-US Relations (Three Communiques) Four Modernizations Sino-Vietnamese War Beijing Spring Strike Hard Anti-crime Campaign Sino-British Joint Declaration Campaign against spiritual pollution Bourgeois liberalization Anti-bourgeois liberalization 863 Program 1986 Chinese student demonstrations Sino-Portuguese Joint Declaration Revolutions of 1989 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre
1989–2002
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2002–2012
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