Songhua River

The Songhua or Sunghwa River (also Haixi or Xingal, Russian: Сунгари Sungari) is one of the primary rivers of China, and the longest tributary of the Amur. It flows about 1,897 km (1,179 mi) from the Changbai Mountains on the China–North Korea border through China's northeastern Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces.

Songhua River
Songhua River, just west of Harbin. Oxbow lakes are common sights along the sides of the river.
Native name
  • ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᡠᠯᠠ (Manchu)
  • sunggari ula (Manchu)
Location
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvincesJilin, Heilongjiang
Physical characteristics
SourceChangbai Mountains
 • locationAntu County, Jilin
 • coordinates42°02′06″N 128°16′37″E
 • elevation1,412 m (4,633 ft)
MouthAmur
 • location
Tongjiang, Heilongjiang
 • coordinates
47°41′56″N 132°31′03″E
 • elevation
44 m (144 ft)
Length1,897 km (1,179 mi)
Basin size557,180 km2 (215,130 sq mi)
Discharge 
 • locationTongjiang, China (near mouth)
 • average76.2 km3/a (2,410 m3/s) to 81.77 km3/a (2,591 m3/s).
Basin features
ProgressionAmur→ Sea of Okhotsk
River systemAmur
Tributaries 
 • leftNen, Hulan, Tangwang
 • rightMudanjiang
Songhua River
Songhua River is shown in a darkish blue color.
Chinese name
Chinese松花江
Alternative Chinese name
Chinese海西
Manchu name
Manchu scriptᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᡠᠯᠠ
Romanizationsunggari ula

The river drains 557,180 km2 (215,130 sq mi) of land, and has an annual discharge of 76.2 km3/a (2,410 m3/s) to 81.77 km3/a (2,591 m3/s).

The extreme flatness of the Northeast China Plain has caused the river to meander over time, filling the wide plain with oxbow lakes, as remnants of the previous paths of the river.

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