Romanians

The Romanians (Romanian: români, pronounced [roˈmɨnʲ]; dated exonym Vlachs) are a Romance-speaking ethnic group, native to Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe. Sharing a common Romanian culture and ancestry, and speaking the Romanian language, they live primarily in Romania and Moldova. The 2021 Romanian census found that 89.3% of Romania's citizens identified themselves as ethnic Romanians.

Romanians
Români
Ethnic distribution of Romanians around the world
Total population
c. 22.8–24.8 million (including Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups living abroad)
Regions with significant populations
 Romania 19,053,815 (2022 Romanian census)
 Moldova 192,800 (2014 Moldovan census; additional 2,068,058 Moldovans)
Other countries
Europe
 Italy1,206,938 migrants from Romania, of all ethnic groups
 Germany866,000 (2022) migrants from Romania of all ethnic groups, including a wide range of Romanian Germans as well
 Spain535,935 (2022)-1,079,726
 United Kingdom329,000 Romanian-born residents (2022)
 France200,000–500,000 (2022) Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups
 Ukraine150,989 (additional 258,619 Moldovans)
 Austria131,788 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups, including many Transylvanian Saxons as well
 Belgium92,746 migrants from Romania, of all ethnic groups
 Greece46,523 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups
 Netherlands39,654 migrants from Romania, of all ethnic groups
 Portugal39,000 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups
 Hungary36,506
 Denmark34,960 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups
 Sweden32,294 born in Romania, of all ethnic groups
 Ireland29,186 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups
Cyprus24,376 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups
 Serbia23,044 (additional 21,013 Timok Vlachs)
  Switzerland21,593 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups
 Norway18,877 migrants of Romania, of all ethnic groups
 Czech Republic14,684 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups
 Turkey14,411 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups
 Luxembourg5,209 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups
 Polandc. 5,000
 Slovakia4,941 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups
 Finland4,902 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups
 Russia3,201
 Malta2,000
 Iceland1,463 Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups
 Bulgaria891
 Bosnia and Herzegovina100
North America
 United States518,653–1,400,000 (incl. mixed origin, Romanian Germans and Romanian Jews)
 Canada204,625–400,000 (incl. mixed origin)
 Mexico569
South America
 Brazil200,000 migrants from Romania and Romanian citizens, of all ethnic groups
 Venezuela10,000 migrants from Romania, of all ethnic groups
 Argentina10,000 of Romanian origin, including Romanian Jews and Romanian Romani
 Colombia350
 Uruguay200
 Peru174
Oceania
 Australia20,998 first and second generation migrants from Romania, of all ethnic groups
 New Zealand3,100
Asia
 Israel100,823 (mostly Romanian Jews)
 Japan2,708
 Kazakhstan421
 Vietnam100
Africa
 South Africa2,828
 Egypt420
Languages
Romanian
Religion
Predominantly Orthodox Christianity
(Romanian Orthodox Church),
also Roman Catholic, Greek Catholic, and Protestant
Related ethnic groups
Other Eastern Romance-speaking peoples
(most notably Moldovans, Aromanians, Megleno-Romanians, and Istro-Romanians)

In one interpretation of the 1989 census results in Moldova, the majority of Moldovans were counted as ethnic Romanians in this country as well. Romanians also form an ethnic minority in several nearby countries situated in Central, Southeastern, and Eastern Europe, most notably in Hungary, Serbia (including Timok), and Ukraine.

Estimates of the number of Romanian people worldwide vary from minimum 24 to maximum 30 million, in part depending on whether the definition of the term "Romanian" includes natives of both Romania and Moldova, their respective diasporas, and native speakers of both Romanian and other Eastern Romance languages.

Other speakers of the latter languages are the Aromanians, the Megleno-Romanians, and the Istro-Romanians (native to Istria, Croatia), all of them unevenly distributed throughout the Balkan Peninsula, which may be considered either Romanian subgroups or separated yet, nevertheless, related ethnicities.

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