Ptychodus

Ptychodus (from Greek: πτυχή ptyche 'fold' and Greek: ὀδούς odoús 'tooth') is a genus of extinct durophagous (shell-crushing) sharks from the Late Cretaceous. Fossils of Ptychodus teeth are found in many Late Cretaceous marine sediments worldwide. Numerous species have been described. The youngest remains date to around 85 million years ago. A large number of remains have been found in the former Western Interior Seaway. A 2016 publication found that Ptychodus are likely true sharks belonging to Selachimorpha, rather than hybodonts or batoids as previously thought. Their life history coincides with the typical life of many other large sharks: they lived relatively long lives and were slow growing and produced large offspring and small litters.

Ptychodus
Temporal range: Early-Late Cretaceous
Lower jaw of Ptychodus sp.
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes
Subclass: Elasmobranchii
Family: Ptychodontidae
Genus: Ptychodus
Agassiz, 1837
Type species
Ptychodus latissimus
Agassiz, 1835
Other species
  • Ptychodus altior Agassiz, 1839
  • Ptychodus anonymus Williston, 1900
  • Ptychodus arcuatus Agassiz, 1837
  • Ptychodus articulatus Agassiz, 1837
  • Ptychodus atcoensis Carrillo-Briceno, 2013
  • Ptychodus belluccii Bonarelli, 1899
  • Ptychodus concentricus Agassiz, 1839
  • Ptychodus decurrens Agassiz, 1839
  • Ptychodus elevatus Leriche, 1929
  • Ptychodus gibberulus Agassiz, 1837
  • Ptychodus janewayii Cope, 1874
  • Ptychodus mahakalensis Chiplonkar and Ghare, 1977
  • Ptychodus mammillaris Agassiz, 1839
  • Ptychodus marginalis Agassiz, 1839
  • Ptychodus mortoni Agassiz, 1843
  • Ptychodus multistriatus Woodward, 1889
  • Ptychodus oweni Dixon, 1850
  • Ptychodus paucisulcatus Dixon, 1850
  • Ptychodus polygyrus Agassiz, 1839
  • Ptychodus rugosus Dixon, 1850
  • Ptychodus spectabili Agassiz, 1837
  • Ptychodus whipplei Marcou, 1858
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