Phosphoryl chloride

Phosphoryl chloride
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name Phosphoryl trichloride
	Other names Phosphorus(V) oxychloride; Phosphoric trichloride; Trichlorophosphate; Phosphorus(V) oxide trichloride;
Identifiers
CAS Number	10025-87-3 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image; Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:30336 ;
ChemSpider	23198 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.030.030
EC Number	233-046-7;
Gmelin Reference	2272
PubChem CID	24813;
RTECS number	TH4897000;
UNII	9XM78OL22K ;
UN number	1810
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID5029710 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/Cl3OP/c1-5(2,3)4 Key: XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/Cl3OP/c1-5(2,3)4 Key: XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYAS;
	SMILES O=P(Cl)(Cl)Cl; [O-][P+](Cl)(Cl)Cl;
Properties
Chemical formula	POCl3
Molar mass	153.32 g·mol−1
Appearance	colourless liquid, fumes in moist air
Odor	pungent and musty
Density	1.645 g/cm3, liquid
Melting point	1.25 °C (34.25 °F; 274.40 K)
Boiling point	105.8 °C (222.4 °F; 378.9 K)
Solubility in water	Reacts
Solubility	highly soluble in benzene, chloroform, carbon disulfide, carbon tetrachloride
Vapor pressure	40 mmHg (27 °C)
Refractive index (nD)	1.460
Structure
Molecular shape	Tetrahedral at the P atom
Dipole moment	2.54 D
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)	138.8 J·mol−1·K−1 (liquid), 84.9 J·mol−1·K−1 (gas)
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	222.5 J·mol−1·K−1 (liquid), 325.5 J·mol−1·K−1 (gas)
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−597.1 kJ·mol−1 (liquid), −558.5 kJ·mol−1 (gas)
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵)	−520.8 kJ·mol−1 (liquid), −512.9 kJ·mol−1(gas)
Enthalpy of fusion (ΔfH⦵fus)	13.1 kJ·mol−1
Enthalpy of vaporization (ΔfHvap)	38.6 kJ·mol−1
Hazards
	Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Toxic and corrosive; releases HCl on contact with water
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H302, H314, H330, H372
Precautionary statements	P260, P264, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P312, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P314, P320, P321, P330, P363, P403+P233, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	3 0 2 W
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	380 mg/kg (rat, oral)
	NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	none
REL (Recommended)	TWA 0.1 ppm (0.6 mg/m3) ST 0.5 ppm (3 mg/m3)
IDLH (Immediate danger)	N.D.
Safety data sheet (SDS)	ICSC 0190
Related compounds
Related compounds	Thiophosphoryl chloride; Phosphorus oxybromide; Phosphorus trichloride; Phosphorus pentachloride;
Supplementary data page
	Phosphoryl chloride (data page)
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Phosphoryl chloride (commonly called phosphorus oxychloride) is a colourless liquid with the formula P O Cl₃. It hydrolyses in moist air releasing phosphoric acid and fumes of hydrogen chloride. It is manufactured industrially on a large scale from phosphorus trichloride and oxygen or phosphorus pentoxide. It is mainly used to make phosphate esters such as tricresyl phosphate.

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