Operation Curtain

Operation Curtain (also referred to as Caravan war) was set of raids and ambushes conducted by Soviet spetsnaz troops to block the Pakistani-Afghan and Iranian-Afghani border during the Soviet–Afghan War.

Operation Curtain
Part of Soviet–Afghan War

Special Forces soldiers are preparing for a helicopter flight in a search group.
DateMarch 1984 – April 1988
Location
15 border provinces, Afghanistan
Result

Limited Soviet success

  • 12–15% of supply caravans intercepted
Belligerents

 Soviet Union

Republic Of Afghanistan

Afghan Mujahideen  Pakistan

Supported by:
Iran
Commanders and leaders

Sergei Sokolov
Valentin Varennikov
Boris Gromov

Mohammad Najibullah

Shahnawaz Tanai

Ismail Khan

Zia-ul-Haq


Armed by:
Ruhollah Khomeini
Units involved

40th Army (OKSVA) Afghan Army

  • 9th Infantry Division
    • 55th Motorized Infantry Brigade

Interim Afghan Government

Pakistan

  • ISI

Iran

Unknown
Strength
11,000 intelligence and special forces personnel Tens of thousands of local and foreign fighters
Casualties and losses

Special forces only:

  • 570 killed
  • 11 missing
17,000 killed,
825 captured
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