Nitrogen trichloride

Nitrogen trichloride, also known as trichloramine, is the chemical compound with the formula NCl3. This yellow, oily, pungent-smelling and explosive liquid is most commonly encountered as a byproduct of chemical reactions between ammonia-derivatives and chlorine (for example, in swimming pools). Alongside monochloramine and dichloramine, trichloramine is responsible for the distinctive 'chlorine smell' associated with swimming pools, where the compound is readily formed as a product from hypochlorous acid reacting with ammonia and other nitrogenous substances in the water, such as urea from urine.

Nitrogen trichloride

  Nitrogen, N
  Chlorine, Cl
Names
Other names
Trichloramine
Agene
Nitrogen(III) chloride
Trichloroazane
Trichlorine nitride
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.030.029
EC Number
  • 233-045-1
1840
RTECS number
  • QW974000
UNII
  • InChI=1S/Cl3N/c1-4(2)3 Y
    Key: QEHKBHWEUPXBCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
  • InChI=1/Cl3N/c1-4(2)3
    Key: QEHKBHWEUPXBCW-UHFFFAOYAZ
  • ClN(Cl)Cl
Properties
NCl3
Molar mass 120.36 g·mol−1
Appearance yellow oily liquid
Odor chlorine-like
Density 1.653 g/mL
Melting point −40 °C (−40 °F; 233 K)
Boiling point 71 °C (160 °F; 344 K)
immiscible
slowly decomposes
Solubility soluble in benzene, chloroform, CCl4, CS2, PCl3
Structure
orthorhombic (below −40 °C)
trigonal pyramidal
0.6 D
Thermochemistry
232 kJ/mol
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
2
0
4
OX
93 °C (199 °F; 366 K)
Related compounds
Other anions
 Nitrogen trifluoride
Nitrogen tribromide
Nitrogen triiodide
Other cations
 Phosphorus trichloride
Arsenic trichloride
Related chloramines
 Monochloramine
Dichloramine
Related compounds
 Nitrosyl chloride
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references
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