Neural machine translation

Neural machine translation (NMT) is an approach to machine translation that uses an artificial neural network to predict the likelihood of a sequence of words, typically modeling entire sentences in a single integrated model.

It is the dominant approach today^{: 293 : 1} and can produce translations that rival human translations when translating between high-resource languages under specific conditions. However, there still remain challenges, especially with languages where less high-quality data is available,^: 293 and with domain shift between the data a system was trained on and the texts it is supposed to translate.^: 293 NMT systems also tend to produce fairly literal translations.