Muhammad Azam Shah
Mirza Abu'l Fayaz Qutb-ud-Din Mohammad Azam (28 June 1653 – 20 June 1707), commonly known as Azam Shah, was briefly the seventh Mughal emperor from 14 March to 20 June 1707. He was the third son of the sixth Mughal emperor Aurangzeb and his chief consort Dilras Banu Begum.
| Azam Shah اعظم شاه | |||||
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Padishah Al-Sultan Al-Azam | |||||
Azam Shah holding a turban jewel c. 1675 | |||||
| 7th Mughal Emperor | |||||
| Reign | 14 March 1707 – 20 June 1707 | ||||
| Predecessor | Aurangzeb | ||||
| Successor | Bahadur Shah I | ||||
| 26th Subahdar of Bengal | |||||
| Reign | 1677–1680 | ||||
| Predecessor | Fidai Khan II | ||||
| Successor | Shaista Khan | ||||
| Badshah | Aurangzeb | ||||
| Born | 28 June 1653 Burhanpur, Deccan Plateau, Mughal Empire | ||||
| Died | 20 June 1707 (aged 53) Agra, Agra, Mughal Empire | ||||
| Burial | Khuldabad, Maharashtra, India | ||||
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| House | House of Babur | ||||
| Dynasty | Timurid dynasty | ||||
| Father | Aurangzeb | ||||
| Mother | Dilras Banu Begum | ||||
| Religion | Sunni Islam (Hanafi) | ||||
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Azam was appointed as the heir-apparent (Shahi Ali Jah) to his father on 12 August 1681 and retained that position until Aurangzeb's death. During his long military career, he served as the viceroy of Berar Subah, Malwa, Bengal, Gujarat and the Deccan. Azam ascended the Mughal throne in Ahmednagar upon the death of his father on 14 March 1707. However, he and his three sons, Bidar Bakht, Jawan Bakht and Sikandar Shan, were later defeated and killed by Azam Shah's older half-brother, Shah Alam (later crowned as Bahadur Shah I), during the Battle of Jajau on 20 June 1707.