Monosodium citrate

Monosodium citrate
Names
	IUPAC name Sodium 2-(carboxymethyl)-2,4-dihydroxy-4-oxobutanoate
	Other names sodium dihydrogen 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
Identifiers
CAS Number	18996-35-5 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:53258 ;
ChemSpider	27304 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.038.834
EC Number	242-734-6;
E number	E331i (antioxidants, ...)
PubChem CID	23662352;
RTECS number	GE9750000;
UNII	68538UP9SE ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID80872904 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C6H8O7.Na/c7-3(8)1-6(13,5(11)12)2-4(9)10;/h13H,1-2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12);/q;+1/p-1 Key: HWPKGOGLCKPRLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M ; InChI=1/C6H8O7.3Na/c7-3(8)1-6(13,5(11)12)2-4(9)10;;;/h13H,1-2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12);;;/q;3*+1/p-3 Key: HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-DFZHHIFOAL;
	SMILES C(C(=O)O)C(CC(=O)O)(C(=O)[O-])O.[Na+];
Properties
Chemical formula	C6H7NaO7
Molar mass	214.105 g·mol−1
Appearance	white powder ; hygroscopic
Odor	odorless
Melting point	212 °C (414 °F; 485 K)
Boiling point	309.6 °C (589.3 °F; 582.8 K)
Solubility in water	soluble
Solubility	negligible in ethanol
Acidity (pKa)	3.50–3.80
Structure
Crystal structure	Monoclinic
Space group	P21/a (No. 4)
Formula units (Z)	4
Hazards
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	5400 mg/kg (mouse, oral) >2000 mg/kg (rat, dermal)
Safety data sheet (SDS)	Carl Roth
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Monosodium citrate, more correctly, sodium dihydrogen citrate (Latin: natrium citricum acidulatum), is an acid salt of citric acid. Disodium citrate and trisodium citrate are also known. It can be prepared by partial neutralisation of citric acid with an aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate or carbonate. It has a slightly acidic taste.

NaHCO₃ + C₆H₈O₇ → NaC₆H₇O₇ + CO₂ + H₂O

Na₂CO₃ + 2C₆H₈O₇ → 2NaC₆H₇O₇ + CO₂ + H₂O

It is highly soluble in water and practically insoluble in ethanol. Monosodium citrate is used as an anticoagulant in donated blood. It is used as an alkalinizing agent to prevent kidney stone disease. The crystals form as nearly perfect cubes.

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