Maleic acid

Maleic acid
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name (2Z)-But-2-enedioic acid
	Other names (Z)-Butenedioic acid; cis-Butenedioic acid; Malenic acid; Maleinic acid; Toxilic acid
Identifiers
CAS Number	110-16-7 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
3DMet	B00280;
Beilstein Reference	605762
ChEBI	CHEBI:18300 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL539648 ;
ChemSpider	392248 ;
DrugBank	DB04299;
ECHA InfoCard	100.003.403
EC Number	203-742-5;
Gmelin Reference	49854
KEGG	C01384 ;
PubChem CID	444266;
RTECS number	OM9625000;
UNII	91XW058U2C ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID8021517 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C4H4O4/c5-3(6)1-2-4(7)8/h1-2H,(H,5,6)(H,7,8)/b2-1- Key: VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N ; InChI=1/C4H4O4/c5-3(6)1-2-4(7)8/h1-2H,(H,5,6)(H,7,8)/b2-1- Key: VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJBG;
	SMILES O=C(O)\C=C/C(=O)O;
Properties
Chemical formula	C4H4O4
Molar mass	116.072 g·mol−1
Appearance	White solid
Density	1.59 g/cm3
Melting point	135 °C (275 °F; 408 K) (decomposes)
Solubility in water	478.8 g/L at 20 C
Acidity (pKa)	pka1 = 1.90; pka2 = 6.07
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	-49.71·10−6 cm3/mol
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H302, H315, H317, H319, H335
Precautionary statements	P261, P264, P270, P271, P272, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P330, P332+P313, P333+P313, P337+P313, P362, P363, P403+P233, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	3 0 0
Safety data sheet (SDS)	MSDS from J. T. Baker
Related compounds
Related carboxylic acids	fumaric acid; succinic acid; crotonic acid
Related compounds	maleic anhydride; maleimide
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Maleic acid or cis-butenedioic acid is an organic compound that is a dicarboxylic acid, a molecule with two carboxyl groups. Its chemical formula is HO₂CCH=CHCO₂H. Maleic acid is the cis-isomer of butenedioic acid, whereas fumaric acid is the trans-isomer. It is mainly used as a precursor to fumaric acid, and relative to its parent maleic anhydride, which has many applications.

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