McDonnell Douglas MD-11
The McDonnell Douglas MD-11 is an American tri-jet wide-body airliner manufactured by American manufacturer McDonnell Douglas (MDC) and later by Boeing. Following DC-10 development studies, the MD-11 program was launched on December 30, 1986. Assembly of the first prototype began on March 9, 1988. Its maiden flight occurred on January 10, 1990, and it achieved Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) certification on November 8. The first delivery was to Finnair on December 7 and it entered service on December 20, 1990.
| MD-11 | |
|---|---|
| The MD-11, a stretched version of the DC-10 | |
| Role | Wide-body jet airliner |
| National origin | United States |
| Manufacturer | McDonnell Douglas (1988–97) Boeing Commercial Airplanes (1997–2000) |
| First flight | January 10, 1990 |
| Introduction | December 20, 1990 with Finnair |
| Status | In cargo service |
| Primary users | FedEx Express UPS Airlines Western Global Airlines Lufthansa Cargo (historical) |
| Produced | 1988–2000 |
| Number built | 200 |
| Developed from | McDonnell Douglas DC-10 |
It retains the basic trijet configuration of the DC-10 with updated GE CF6-80C2 or PW4000 turbofan engines. Its wingspan is slightly larger than the DC-10 and it has winglets. Its MTOW is increased by 14% to 630,500 lb (286 t). Its fuselage is stretched by 11% to 202 ft (61.6 m) to accommodate 298 passengers in three classes over a range of up to 7,130 nautical miles [nmi] (13,200 km; 8,210 mi). It features a glass cockpit that eliminates the need for a flight engineer. The MD-11 failed to meet its range and fuel burn targets. The last of 200 aircraft was built in October 2000 after Boeing merged with McDonnell Douglas in 1997. Some MD-11 freighters were built, but many more are converted MD-11 passenger aircraft, many of which are still in service with cargo airlines.