Ryukyu Kingdom

Prehistoric	pre–14,000 BC
Early Shell Mound	14,000–300 BC
Middle Shell Mound	300 BC–750 AD
Late Shell Mound	750–1187
Gusuku	1187–1314
Sanzan	1314–1429
Hokuzan
Hokuzan	1314?–1416
Chūzan	1314?–1429
Nanzan	1314?–1429
Ryukyu Kingdom	1429–1879
First Shō dynasty
First Shō dynasty	1429–1469
Second Shō dynasty	1469–1879
Satsuma Invasion
Satsuma Invasion	1609
Ryukyu Domain	1872–1879
Japanese Annexation	1879
Meiji	1879–1912
Taishō	1912–1926
Pre-World War II	1926–1945
Militarism
Militarism
Battle of Okinawa	1945
U. S. administration	1945–1972
Military Government
Military Government	1945–1950
Civil Administration	1950–1972
Government	1952–1972
Tokara Reversion	1952
Amami Reversion	1953
Koza riot	1970
Okinawa Reversion Agreement	1971
Okinawa Reversion	1972
Okinawa Prefecture	1972–present
Kagoshima Prefecture
Kagoshima Prefecture	1953–present

Ryukyu Kingdom
琉球國
*Ruuchuu-kuku*
Ryukyu Kingdom 琉球國; Ruuchuu-kuku
1429–1879
	Flag Royal crest
	Anthem: "Ishinagu nu uta" (石なぐの歌)
	Royal seal:
	The Ryukyu Kingdom at its maximum extent (present-day Okinawa Prefecture and the Amami Islands)
Status	Tributary state of the Ming dynasty; (1429–1644); Tributary state of Southern Ming; (1644–1646); Tributary state of the Qing dynasty; (1646–1875); Vassal state of Satsuma Domain; (1609–1872); Vassal state of the Empire of Japan; (1872–1879);
Capital	Shuri
Common languages	Ryukyuan languages (indigenous), Classical Chinese, Classical Japanese
Religion	Ryukyuan religion, Shinto, Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism
Demonym(s)	Ryukyuan
Government	Monarchy
King (國王)
• 1429–1439	Shō Hashi
• 1477–1526	Shō Shin
• 1587–1620	Shō Nei
• 1848–1879	Shō Tai
Sessei (摂政)
• 1666–1673	Shō Shōken
Regent (國師)
• 1751–1752	Sai On
Legislature	Shuri cabinet (首里王府), Sanshikan (三司官)
History
• Unification	1429
• Satsuma invasion	5 April 1609
• Reorganized into Ryukyu Domain	1872
• Annexed by Japan	27 March 1879
Currency	Ryukyuan, Chinese, and Japanese mon coins
Preceded by	Succeeded by
	Hokuzan
	Chūzan
	Nanzan
Empire of Japan
Satsuma Domain
Ryukyu Domain
Today part of	Japan

The Ryukyu Kingdom was a kingdom in the Ryukyu Islands from 1429 to 1879. It was ruled as a tributary state of imperial Ming China by the Ryukyuan monarchy, who unified Okinawa Island to end the Sanzan period, and extended the kingdom to the Amami Islands and Sakishima Islands. The Ryukyu Kingdom played a central role in the maritime trade networks of medieval East Asia and Southeast Asia despite its small size. The Ryukyu Kingdom became a vassal state of the Satsuma Domain of Japan after the invasion of Ryukyu in 1609 but retained de jure independence until it was transformed into the Ryukyu Domain by the Empire of Japan in 1872. The Ryukyu Kingdom was formally annexed and dissolved by Japan in 1879 to form Okinawa Prefecture, and the Ryukyuan monarchy was integrated into the new Japanese nobility.

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