Kholop

A kholop (Russian: холо́п, IPA: [xɐˈlop]) was a type of feudal serf (dependent population) in Kievan Rus' in the 9th and early 12th centuries. Their legal status in Russia was essentially the same as slaves.^(p 576) They were sold as any other property of their master until the emancipation reform of 1861. The term kholop was excluded from official use in 1724, but it remains in vernacular use as a type of insult.