History of African Americans in Texas
African American Texans or Black Texans are residents of the state of Texas who are of African ancestry and people that have origins as African-American slaves. African Americans formed a unique ethnic identity in Texas while facing the problems of societal and institutional discrimination as well as colorism for many years. The first person of African heritage to arrive in Texas was Estevanico, who came to Texas in 1528.
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| Ethnicity in Texas |
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| Total population | |
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| 3,444,712 (2020) | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Ark-La-Tex, Central Texas, East Texas, Galveston, Greater Austin, Greater Houston, Beaumont–Port Arthur metropolitan area, Dallas–Fort Worth metropolitan area, Greater San Antonio, North Texas, Northeast Texas, Southeast Texas | |
| Languages | |
| Texan English, Southern American English, Louisiana Creole, African-American Vernacular English, African languages | |
| Religion | |
| Black Protestant, Roman Catholicism, Hoodoo (spirituality), Louisiana Voodoo | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Other Black Southerners especially Black Louisianians and Black Oklahomans, Afro-Mexicans, Blaxicans in Texas, White Americans in Texas, Louisiana Creoles in Texas |
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The earliest black residents in Texas were Afro-Mexican slaves brought by the Spanish.
A large majority of Black Texans live in the Houston, Dallas-Fort Worth and San Antonio metropolitan areas.
The U.S. Census identified the Black population alone, non-Hispanic population at 3,444,712, making Texas the largest African American population in the United States.