Gustav Kirchhoff
Gustav Robert Kirchhoff (German: [ˈkɪʁçhɔf]; 12 March 1824 – 17 October 1887) was a German physicist who contributed to the fundamental understanding of electrical circuits, spectroscopy, and the emission of black-body radiation by heated objects.
Gustav Kirchhoff | |
|---|---|
| Born | Gustav Robert Kirchhoff 12 March 1824 |
| Died | 17 October 1887 (aged 63) |
| Nationality | Prussian (1824–1871) German (1871–1887) |
| Alma mater | University of Königsberg |
| Known for | Kirchhoff's circuit laws Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation Kirchhoff's laws of spectroscopy Kirchhoff's law of thermochemistry |
| Awards | Rumford medal (1862) Davy Medal (1877) Matteucci Medal (1877) Janssen Medal (1887) |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Physics Chemistry |
| Institutions | University of Berlin University of Breslau University of Heidelberg |
| Doctoral advisor | Franz Ernst Neumann |
| Notable students | Loránd Eötvös Edward Nichols Gabriel Lippmann Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev Max Planck Jules Piccard Max Noether Heike Kamerlingh Onnes Ernst Schröder |
He coined the term black-body radiation in 1860.
Several different sets of concepts are named "Kirchhoff's laws" after him, which include Kirchhoff's circuit laws, Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation, and Kirchhoff's law of thermochemistry.
The Bunsen–Kirchhoff Award for spectroscopy is named after Kirchhoff and his colleague, Robert Bunsen.
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