Formamide

Formamide is an amide derived from formic acid. It is a colorless liquid which is miscible with water and has an ammonia-like odor. It is chemical feedstock for the manufacture of sulfa drugs and other pharmaceuticals, herbicides and pesticides, and in the manufacture of hydrocyanic acid. It has been used as a softener for paper and fiber. It is a solvent for many ionic compounds. It has also been used as a solvent for resins and plasticizers. Some astrobiologists suggest that it may be an alternative to water as the main solvent in other forms of life.

Formamide
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Formamide
Systematic IUPAC name
Methanamide
Other names
Carbamaldehyde
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.000.766
KEGG
UNII
  • InChI=1S/CH3NO/c2-1-3/h1H,(H2,2,3) Y
    Key: ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
  • InChI=1/CH3NO/c2-1-3/h1H,(H2,2,3)
    Key: ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYAQ
  • O=CN
Properties
CH3NO
Molar mass 45.04 g/mol
Appearance Colorless, oily liquid
Density 1.133 g/cm3
Melting point 2 to 3 °C (36 to 37 °F; 275 to 276 K)
Boiling point 210 °C (410 °F; 483 K)
Miscible
Vapor pressure 0.08 mmHg at 20 °C
Acidity (pKa) 23.5 (in DMSO)
−2.19×10−5 cm3/mol
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
2
1
0
Flash point 154 °C (309 °F; 427 K) (closed cup)
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 none
REL (Recommended)
 TWA 10 ppm (15 mg/m3) [skin]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 N.D.
Related compounds
Related compounds
 Carbamic acid
Dimethylformamide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Y verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Formamides are compounds of the type RR′NCHO. One important formamide is dimethylformamide, (CH3)2NCHO.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.