Cyclooxygenase-2

PTGS2
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	5F1A, 5F19, 5IKQ, 5IKT, 5IKV, 5IKR
Identifiers
Aliases	PTGS2, COX-2, COX2, GRIPGHS, PGG/HS, PGHS-2, PHS-2, hCox-2, prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2
External IDs	OMIM: 600262 MGI: 97798 HomoloGene: 31000 GeneCards: PTGS2
EC number	1.14.99.1
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 1 (human)
End	186,680,922 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 1 (mouse)
End	149,983,978 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	seminal vesicula; ; mucosa of urinary bladder; ; periodontal fiber; ; vena cava; ; visceral pleura; ; saphenous vein; ; gallbladder; ; gastric mucosa; ; monocyte; ; bone marrow cells;
	Top expressed in
	dentate gyrus; ; cumulus cell; ; right lung lobe; ; calvaria; ; hippocampus proper; ; Region I of hippocampus proper; ; prefrontal cortex; ; pineal gland; ; subiculum; ; piriform cortex;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase activity; metal ion binding; heme binding; enzyme binding; oxidoreductase activity; protein homodimerization activity; dioxygenase activity; protein binding; peroxidase activity; prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity; oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen; transferase activity;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; endoplasmic reticulum lumen; membrane; caveola; neuron projection; organelle membrane; endoplasmic reticulum; intracellular membrane-bounded organelle; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; protein-containing complex;
Biological process	response to fructose; learning; response to organic substance; lipoxygenase pathway; cellular response to mechanical stimulus; response to manganese ion; angiogenesis; cellular response to hypoxia; embryo implantation; negative regulation of cell population proliferation; response to cytokine; negative regulation of smooth muscle contraction; memory; response to oxidative stress; maintenance of blood-brain barrier; response to lithium ion; response to tumor necrosis factor; fatty acid biosynthetic process; positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic; positive regulation of vasoconstriction; response to organonitrogen compound; inflammatory response; positive regulation of smooth muscle contraction; bone mineralization; response to fatty acid; response to vitamin D; cellular response to UV; positive regulation of fever generation; cellular response to fluid shear stress; positive regulation of synaptic plasticity; regulation of blood pressure; response to lipopolysaccharide; positive regulation of platelet-derived growth factor production; regulation of inflammatory response; brown fat cell differentiation; sensory perception of pain; response to radiation; prostaglandin biosynthetic process; cellular response to ATP; ovulation; positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation; hair cycle; response to estradiol; positive regulation of cell death; positive regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis; response to organic cyclic compound; lipid metabolism; positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process; response to glucocorticoid; cyclooxygenase pathway; fatty acid metabolic process; positive regulation of fibroblast growth factor production; decidualization; regulation of cell population proliferation; positive regulation of cell population proliferation; negative regulation of calcium ion transport; positive regulation of apoptotic process; positive regulation of transforming growth factor beta production; positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production; positive regulation of brown fat cell differentiation; negative regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic; cellular oxidant detoxification; human ageing; NAD biosynthesis via nicotinamide riboside salvage pathway; cellular response to heat; positive regulation of prostaglandin biosynthetic process; positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation; negative regulation of apoptotic process; negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process; cellular response to non-ionic osmotic stress; negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress; cellular response to lead ion; response to angiotensin; prostaglandin metabolic process; positive regulation of protein import into nucleus; cytokine-mediated signaling pathway; long-chain fatty acid biosynthetic process; negative regulation of cell cycle; regulation of neuroinflammatory response;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	5743
	19225
	ENSG00000073756
	ENSMUSG00000032487
	P35354
	Q05769
	NM_000963
	NM_011198
	NP_000954
	NP_035328
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), also known as Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (HUGO PTGS2), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTGS2 gene. In humans it is one of two cyclooxygenases. It is involved in the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandin H₂, an important precursor of prostacyclin, which is expressed in inflammation.

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