CCL4

CCL4L1
Available structures
PDB	Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1HUM, 1HUN, 1JE4, 2FFK, 2FIN, 2X6L, 3TN2, 4RAL
Identifiers
Aliases	CCL4L1, AT744.2, CCL4L, LAG-1, LAG1, SCYA4L, SCYA4L1, MIP-1-beta, SCYA4L2, C-C motif chemokine ligand 4 like 1
External IDs	OMIM: 603782 GeneCards: CCL4L1
Gene ontology
Molecular function	chemokine activity; cytokine activity; protein binding; CCR chemokine receptor binding; CCR5 chemokine receptor binding; CCR1 chemokine receptor binding; identical protein binding;
Cellular component	extracellular region; extracellular space;
Biological process	lymphocyte chemotaxis; chemokine-mediated signaling pathway; cellular response to tumor necrosis factor; G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of GTPase activity; chemotaxis; inflammatory response; cellular response to interleukin-1; monocyte chemotaxis; neutrophil chemotaxis; immune response; positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade; cellular response to interferon-gamma; regulation of signaling receptor activity; eosinophil chemotaxis; positive regulation of calcium-mediated signaling; positive regulation of natural killer cell chemotaxis; cell-cell signaling; response to virus; establishment or maintenance of cell polarity; cell adhesion; response to toxic substance; signal transduction; positive regulation of calcium ion transport; cytokine-mediated signaling pathway;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	388372
	n/a
	n/a
	n/a
	Q8NHW4; P13236
	n/a
	NM_207007
	n/a
	NP_996890; NP_002975
	n/a
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Chemokine (C-C motif) ligands 4 (also CCL4) previously known as macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP-1β), is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CCL4 gene. CCL4 belongs to a cluster of genes located on 17q11-q21 of the chromosomal region. Identification and localization of the gene on the chromosome 17 was in 1990 although the discovery of MIP-1 was initiated in 1988 with the purification of a protein doublet corresponding to inflammatory activity from supernatant of endotoxin-stimulated murine macrophages. At that time, it was also named as "macrophage inflammatory protein-1" (MIP-1) due to its inflammatory properties.

CCL4 is a small cytokine that belongs to the CC chemokine subfamily. CCL4 is being secreted under mitogenic signals and antigens and hereby acts as a chemoattractant for natural killer cells, monocytes and various other immune cells in the site of inflamed or damaged tissue.

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