Bromomethane
Bromomethane, commonly known as methyl bromide, is an organobromine compound with formula CH3Br. This colorless, odorless, nonflammable gas is produced both industrially and biologically. It has a tetrahedral shape and it is a recognized ozone-depleting chemical. It was used extensively as a pesticide until being phased out by most countries in the early 2000s.
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| Names | |||
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| Preferred IUPAC name
Bromomethane | |||
| Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol) |
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| 1209223 | |||
| ChEBI | |||
| ChEMBL | |||
| ChemSpider | |||
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.740 | ||
| EC Number |
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| 916 | |||
| KEGG | |||
| MeSH | methyl+bromide | ||
PubChem CID |
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| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |||
| UN number | 1062 | ||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |||
| CH3Br | |||
| Molar mass | 94.939 g·mol−1 | ||
| Appearance | Colorless gas | ||
| Odor | Chloroform-like | ||
| Density | 3.97 kg/m3 (gas, 0 °C) 1.72 g/mL (liquid, 4 °C) | ||
| Melting point | −93.66 °C (−136.59 °F; 179.49 K) | ||
| Boiling point | 4.0 °C (39.2 °F; 277.1 K) | ||
| 17.5 gL−1 | |||
| log P | 1.3 | ||
| Vapor pressure | 190 kPa (at 20 °C, 68 °F) | ||
| −42.8·10−6 cm3·mol−1 | |||
| Thermochemistry | |||
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−35.1 – −33.5 kJ·mol−1 | ||
| Hazards | |||
| GHS labelling: | |||
| Danger | |||
| H301, H315, H319, H331, H335, H341, H373, H400, H420 | |||
| P201, P202, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P281, P301+P310, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P311, P312, P314, P321, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P391, P403+P233, P405, P501, P502 | |||
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
| Flash point | 194 °C (381 °F; 467 K) | ||
| 535 °C (995 °F; 808 K) | |||
| Explosive limits | 10-16% | ||
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |||
LC50 (median concentration) |
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LCLo (lowest published) |
300 ppm (guinea pig, 9 hr) | ||
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |||
PEL (Permissible) |
C 20 ppm (80 mg/m3) [skin] | ||
REL (Recommended) |
Ca | ||
IDLH (Immediate danger) |
Ca [250 ppm] | ||
| Related compounds | |||
Related alkanes |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references | |||
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