Isopropyl alcohol

Isopropyl alcohol
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name Propan-2-ol
	Other names 2-Propanol; Isopropanol; Rubbing alcohol; sec-Propyl alcohol; 2-Hydroxypropane; i-PrOH; Dimethyl carbinol; IPA
Identifiers
CAS Number	67-63-0 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
Beilstein Reference	635639
ChEBI	CHEBI:17824 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL582 ;
ChemSpider	3644 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.601
Gmelin Reference	1464
KEGG	D00137 ;
PubChem CID	3776;
RTECS number	NT8050000;
UNII	ND2M416302 ;
UN number	1219
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID7020762 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C3H7OH/c1-3(2)4/h3-4H,1-2H3 Key: KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
	SMILES CC(O)C;
Properties
Chemical formula	C3H8O
Molar mass	60.096 g/mol
Appearance	Colorless liquid
Odor	Pungent alcoholic odor
Density	0.786 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Melting point	−89 °C (−128 °F; 184 K)
Boiling point	82.6 °C (180.7 °F; 355.8 K)
Solubility in water	Miscible with water
Solubility	Miscible with benzene, chloroform, ethanol, diethyl ether, glycerol; soluble in acetone
log P	−0.16
Acidity (pKa)	16.5
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−45.794·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.3776
Viscosity	2.86 cP at 15 °C; 1.96 cP at 25 °C; 1.77 cP at 30 °C
Dipole moment	1.66 D (gas)
Pharmacology
ATC code	D08AX05 (WHO)
Hazards
	Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Flammable, mildly toxic
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H225, H302, H319, H336
Precautionary statements	P210, P261, P305+P351+P338
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	1 3 0
Flash point	Open cup: 11.7 °C (53.1 °F; 284.8 K) ; Closed cup: 13 °C (55 °F)
Autoignition; temperature	399 °C (750 °F; 672 K)
Explosive limits	2–12.7%
Threshold limit value (TLV)	980 mg/m3 (TWA), 1225 mg/m3 (STEL)
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	12800 mg/kg (dermal, rabbit); 3600 mg/kg (oral, mouse); 5000 mg/kg (oral, rat); 2364 mg/kg (oral, rabbit);
LC50 (median concentration)	53,000 mg/m3 (inhalation, mouse); 12,000 ppm (rat, 8 h);
LCLo (lowest published)	16,000 ppm (rat, 4 h); 12,800 ppm (mouse, 3 h);
	NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 400 ppm (980 mg/m3)
REL (Recommended)	TWA 400 ppm (980 mg/m3), ST 500 ppm (1225 mg/m3)
IDLH (Immediate danger)	2000 ppm
Safety data sheet (SDS)
Related compounds
Related alcohols	1-Propanol, ethanol, 2-butanol
Supplementary data page
	Isopropyl alcohol (data page)
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Isopropyl alcohol (IUPAC name propan-2-ol and also called isopropanol or 2-propanol) is a colorless, flammable organic compound with a pungent alcoholic odor. As an isopropyl group linked to a hydroxyl group (chemical formula (CH₃)₂CHOH) it is the simplest example of a secondary alcohol, where the alcohol carbon atom is attached to two other carbon atoms. It is a structural isomer of propan-1-ol and ethyl methyl ether. They all have the formula C₃H₈O.

It is used in the manufacture of a wide variety of industrial and household chemicals and is a common ingredient in products such as antiseptics, disinfectants, hand sanitizer and detergents. More than a million tonnes are produced worldwide annually.

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