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Questions tagged [http-1.1]

HTTP 1.1 is the latest version of the http protocol. It includes more stringent requirements than HTTP/1.0 in order to ensure reliable implementation of its features.

The Hypertext Transfer Protocol () is an application-level protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems. HTTP has been in use by the World-Wide Web global information initiative since 1990.

HTTP/1.0 does not sufficiently take into consideration the effects of hierarchical proxies, caching, the need for persistent connections, or virtual hosts. In addition, the proliferation of incompletely-implemented applications calling themselves "HTTP/1.0" has necessitated a protocol version change in order for two communicating applications to determine each other's true capabilities.

The new version of the protocol (HTTP 1.1) includes more stringent requirements than HTTP/1.0 in order to ensure reliable implementation of its features.

Here are some of the new features introduced with HTTP 1.1:

  • Host field: HTTP 1.1 has a required Host header by spec.
  • Persistent connections: HTTP 1.1 also allows you to have persistent connections which means that you can have more than one request/response on the same HTTP connection.
  • OPTIONS method: HTTP/1.1 introduces the OPTIONS method. An HTTP client can use this method to determine the abilities of the HTTP server. It's mostly used for Cross Origin Resource Sharing in web applications.
  • Caching: HTTP 1.1 expands on the caching support a lot by using something called 'entity tag'. If 2 resources are the same, then they will have the same entity tags.
  • HTTP 1.1 also adds the If-Unmodified-Since, If-Match, If-None-Match conditional headers.
  • 100 Continue status: there is a new return code in HTTP/1.1 100 Continue. This is to prevent a client from sending a large request when that client is not even sure if the server can process the request, or is authorized to process the request. In this case the client sends only the headers, and the server will tell the client 100 Continue, go ahead with the body.
  • Digest authentication and proxy authentication
  • Extra new status codes
  • Chunked transfer encoding
  • Connection header
  • Enhanced compression support

Resources:

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How can I increase the speed of my download manager program?

I am writing a download manager program.And In my program the urls are downloaded in a normal speed.How can I increase the speed of the downloads?Is it about HTTP 1.1 or is there an algorithm to do this job?
ntf
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HTTP server not to support persistent connections

is it possible for an HTTP/1.1 server not to support persistent connections and still be HTTP-compliant?
AComputer
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Why did Implementing HTTP/1.1 break my IPN script?

Here is the original code I had in my PHP script: $header = "POST /cgi-bin/webscr HTTP/1.0\r\n"; $header .= "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\r\n"; $header .= "Content-Length: " . strlen($req) . "\r\n\r\n"; I got an email from Paypal…
PioneerMan
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PayPal sends multiple IPN's

I have this code, everything works fine. It's just that PayPal keeps resending multiple IPNs. I have read the forum of PayPal and they say that PayPal isn't getting a HTTP/1.1 200 OK from me, so it keeps resending the IPN. How would I go about…
isaganiesteron
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How do I send an HTTP request in this format?

POST /api/crmteetimeapi.asmx/Login HTTP/1.1 Host: golffacility.com Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded Content-Length: length OwnerID=string&UserID=string&Password=string What language do I use? Forgive my ignorance
PendingVegan
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IE receiving HTTP 1.0 response for some files

I've included an audio and video player (html5 with flash fallback) which works in all browsers except IE. While looking for the problem I found that the server sends "HTTP/1.0 200 OK" and "Connection:close" headers (and no Content-Length), but only…
Thomas
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HTTP/1.1 303 Redirection to avoid resubmission on refresh

Please i need your help. I'm scripting a comment functionality on my website, and i'm trying to reduce spamming to the barest minimum.. My issue/problem is that when users/bots(possibly) submit a comment, i have this code to do a HTTP/1.1 303…
user652792
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Web service .NET Framework problem

We are connecting a webservice (java) from C# (VS.Net 2003) application. Web service running on HTTP 1.0 protocol. On the other hand VS.Net 2003 trying to reach with HTTP 1.1 protocol. Therefore objects are coming null value. For example we are…
Mehmet
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How to send a http2 request headers with python socket

In python: the http/1.1 request header is : s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) request_header = 'GET {} HTTP/1.1\r\nhost: {}\r\nConnection: close\r\n' \ 'Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate\r\n\r\n'.format(path, host) s =…
Yin Lei
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HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 409 Too many requests

I'm using simplexml in my code and it worked well since yesterday, now i have this message: failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 409 Too many requests
Leonardo Raposo
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HTTP1.1 Connection:keepalive implement with java occurs withjava.net.SocketTimeoutException: Read timed out

I'm implement a http server with version1.1 using java socket programming. I use a version 1.0 sample code and I want add the persistent connection feature by not closing socket utilt a "Connection : close" send to the server. However, I came…
stackKKK
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HTTP 1.1 chunk-size computation algorithm

This is rather a question to satisfy curiosity. How does standard HTTP 1.1 stacks compute chunk-sizes on a HTTP response socket? Is it timeout based, max size based or depends on when the application does a flush on the socket, or an algorithm based…
alienfromouterspace
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