I understand that the default term frequency (tf) is simply calculated as the sqrt of number of times a particular term being searched appears in a field. So documents containing multiple occurences of a term you are searching on will have a higher tf and hence weight.
What I'm unsure about is whether this helps increase the documents score because the weight is higher or reduces the documents score because its move the document vector away from the query vector as the book Hibernate Search in Action seems to be saying (pg 363). I confess I'm really struggling to see how the document vector model fits in with lucene scoring equation