OAuth isn't a protocol that works only with webbrowsers. However, many OAuth services provide a web-only authorization endpoint. Once the authorization part is done, you can use OAuth from any application, web, desktop or mobile (and embedded systems).
There are many ways to handle this browser requirement, but these two are very common:
- Simply embed a webbrowser in your application that shows the user the authorization page, let him log in, and finish the OAuth sequence. Once that's done, you have the keys and don't need the browser anymore.
- Use an external browser. This is definitely the recommended approach, since it's more secure and users will probably like it a little bit more. The idea is that you simply open the authorization URL using the user's webbrowser, and set a redirect URL that points back at the app. This is normally done using a
myapp://auth
URL, which will simply send the data to the application again.