Java - h.264 video encoding

Question

I'm trying to make a program that can encode and decode h.264 video so I can edit this video. Can anyone tell me how I do this if I want to make this program in java?

Answer 1

You can use JCodec ( http://jcodec.org ).

To decode a video sequence go:

int frameNumber = 10000;
FileChannelWrapper ch = null;
try {
    ch = NIOUtils.readableFileChannel(new File(path to mp4));
    FrameGrab frameGrab = new FrameGrab(ch);

    frameGrab.seek(frameNumber);
    Picture frame;
    for (int i = 0; (frame = frameGrab.getNativeFrame()) != null && i < 200; i++) {
        // Do something
    }
} finally {
    NIOUtils.closeQuietly(ch);
}

To encode a sequence:

public class SequenceEncoder {
    private SeekableByteChannel ch;
    private Picture toEncode;
    private RgbToYuv420 transform;
    private H264Encoder encoder;
    private ArrayList<ByteBuffer> spsList;
    private ArrayList<ByteBuffer> ppsList;
    private CompressedTrack outTrack;
    private ByteBuffer _out;
    private int frameNo;
    private MP4Muxer muxer;

    public SequenceEncoder(File out) throws IOException {
        this.ch = NIOUtils.writableFileChannel(out);

        // Transform to convert between RGB and YUV
        transform = new RgbToYuv420(0, 0);

        // Muxer that will store the encoded frames
        muxer = new MP4Muxer(ch, Brand.MP4);

        // Add video track to muxer
        outTrack = muxer.addTrackForCompressed(TrackType.VIDEO, 25);

        // Allocate a buffer big enough to hold output frames
        _out = ByteBuffer.allocate(1920 * 1080 * 6);

        // Create an instance of encoder
        encoder = new H264Encoder();

        // Encoder extra data ( SPS, PPS ) to be stored in a special place of
        // MP4
        spsList = new ArrayList<ByteBuffer>();
        ppsList = new ArrayList<ByteBuffer>();

    }

    public void encodeImage(Picture bi) throws IOException {
        if (toEncode == null) {
            toEncode = Picture.create(bi.getWidth(), bi.getHeight(), ColorSpace.YUV420);
        }

        // Perform conversion ( RGB -> YUV )
        transform.transform(bi, toEncode);

        // Encode image into H.264 frame, the result is stored in '_out' buffer
        _out.clear();
        ByteBuffer result = encoder.encodeFrame(_out, toEncode);

        // Based on the frame above form correct MP4 packet
        spsList.clear();
        ppsList.clear();
        H264Utils.encodeMOVPacket(result, spsList, ppsList);

        // Add packet to video track
        outTrack.addFrame(new MP4Packet(result, frameNo, 25, 1, frameNo, true, null, frameNo, 0));

        frameNo++;
    }

    public void finish() throws IOException {
        // Push saved SPS/PPS to a special storage in MP4
        outTrack.addSampleEntry(H264Utils.createMOVSampleEntry(spsList, ppsList));

        // Write MP4 header and finalize recording
        muxer.writeHeader();
        NIOUtils.closeQuietly(ch);
    }
}

And finally to convert TO and FROM Android image use:

public static Picture fromBitmap(Bitmap src) {
    Picture dst = Picture.create((int)src.getWidth(), (int)src.getHeight(), RGB);
    fromBitmap(src, dst);
    return dst;
}

public static void fromBitmap(Bitmap src, Picture dst) {
    int[] dstData = dst.getPlaneData(0);
    int[] packed = new int[src.getWidth() * src.getHeight()];

    src.getPixels(packed, 0, src.getWidth(), 0, 0, src.getWidth(), src.getHeight());

    for (int i = 0, srcOff = 0, dstOff = 0; i < src.getHeight(); i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < src.getWidth(); j++, srcOff++, dstOff += 3) {
            int rgb = packed[srcOff];
            dstData[dstOff]     = (rgb >> 16) & 0xff;
            dstData[dstOff + 1] = (rgb >> 8) & 0xff;
            dstData[dstOff + 2] = rgb & 0xff;
        }
    }
}

public static Bitmap toBitmap(Picture src) {
    Bitmap dst = Bitmap.create(pic.getWidth(), pic.getHeight(), ARGB_8888);
    toBitmap(src, dst);
    return dst;
}

public static void toBitmap(Picture src, Bitmap dst) {
    int[] srcData = src.getPlaneData(0);
    int[] packed = new int[src.getWidth() * src.getHeight()];

    for (int i = 0, dstOff = 0, srcOff = 0; i < src.getHeight(); i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < src.getWidth(); j++, dstOff++, srcOff += 3) {
            packed[dstOff] = (srcData[srcOff] << 16) | (srcData[srcOff + 1] << 8) | srcData[srcOff + 2];
        }
    }
    dst.setPixels(packed, 0, src.getWidth(), 0, 0, src.getWidth(), src.getHeight());
}

FINALLY on decoding you'll get YUV frame out, in order to transform it to RGB frame go:

Transform transform = ColorUtil.getTransform(pic.getColor(), ColorSpace.RGB);
Picture rgb = Picture.create(pic.getWidth(), pic.getHeight(), ColorSpace.RGB);
transform.transform(pic, rgb);

And make sure your download JAR with all deps: http://jcodec.org/downloads/jcodec-0.1.3-uberjar.jar

Answer 2

There is a Java wrapper available for VLC: http://www.capricasoftware.co.uk/projects/vlcj/

Answer 3

Check ffmpeg library and x264. Compile and compose these libraries. It has very good API for video encoding/decoding. If you compile ffmpeg only then you can't encode h.264, only decodeing. To encode h264 you need to compile x264 library. http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=786095. Quite good tutorial. This is C API, but you can use native methods to call it.

Best regards, and sorry for my english.

Answer 4

Obtain or write a class that can encode and decode the desired format. Ensure that it is a Service Provider Interface. Add it to the run-time class-path of the app. Play it using the default player of the JMF. Not too sure about editing it.