This is the error i am having. Whenever i run the program everything runs smoothly but as soon as i close the GUI window the following error shows on my terminal. what should i doo to eliminate the problem
Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Program Files\Python310\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 1921, in __call__
return self.func(*args)
File "C:\Users\LENOVO\Desktop\notes thrd sem\project code\tkinter_tutorials\Player_vs_Computer.py", line 198, in click
buttons[key - 1]["text"] = game_board[key]
File "C:\Program Files\Python310\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 1686, in __setitem__
self.configure({key: value})
File "C:\Program Files\Python310\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 1675, in configure
return self._configure('configure', cnf, kw)
File "C:\Program Files\Python310\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 1665, in _configure
self.tk.call(_flatten((self._w, cmd)) + self._options(cnf))
_tkinter.TclError: invalid command name ".!frame2.!label.!frame.!button"
the following is the code to a tic-tac-toe game that has an AI opponent that i implemented using the minimax algorithm. I also made a player vs player version but as soon as i implemented the algorithm the error mentioned above started popping up.
from tkinter import *
import pygame
# global variables
turn = "O"
end_game = False
game_win_condition = True
global game_board
# initializing pygame sound**your text**
pygame.mixer.init()
# game board
game_board = {1: " ", 2: " ", 3: " ",
4: " ", 5: " ", 6: " ",
7: " ", 8: " ", 9: " "}
# defining functions
def computer_playing():
bestScore = -100
bestPosition = 0
for key in game_board.keys():
if (game_board[key] == " "):
game_board[key] = "X"
score = minimax(game_board, False)
game_board[key] = " "
if (score > bestScore):
bestScore = score
bestPosition = key
game_board[bestPosition] = "X"
def minimax(game_board, isMaximizing):
if (check_win("O")):
return -1
elif (check_win("X")):
return 1
elif (check_draw()):
return 0
elif isMaximizing:
bestScore = -100
for key in game_board.keys():
if (game_board[key] == " "):
game_board[key] = "X"
score = minimax(game_board, False)
game_board[key] = " "
if (score > bestScore):
bestScore = score
return bestScore
else:
bestScore = 100
for key in game_board.keys():
if (game_board[key] == " "):
game_board[key] = "O"
score = minimax(game_board, True)
game_board[key] = " "
if (score < bestScore):
bestScore = score
return bestScore
def toplevel_window_win_message(player):
global tp
tp = Toplevel(Computer_root)
tp_width = 240
tp_height = 190
tp.configure(borderwidth=5, relief="groove", bg="#567999")
window_x = Computer_root.winfo_x()
window_y = Computer_root.winfo_y()
center_x = int((window_x) + (tp_width / 3.8))
center_y = int((window_y) + (tp_height / 1.2))
tp.geometry(f'{tp_width}x{tp_height}+{center_x}+{center_y}')
tp.maxsize(tp_width, tp_height)
tp.minsize(tp_width, tp_height)
if (game_win_condition):
win_message_label = Label(tp, text=player + " has won the game", font="Arial 15 bold ", bg="#567999",
fg="white")
win_message_label.pack(padx=15, pady=45)
else:
win_message_label = Label(tp, text="The game is a draw", font="Arial 15 bold ", bg="#567999", fg="white")
win_message_label.pack(padx=15, pady=45)
ok_button_frame = Frame(tp, borderwidth=1, bg="black")
ok_button_frame.pack(padx=int((tp_width / 2) - 30), pady=int(tp_height - 190))
ok_button = Button(ok_button_frame, text="OK", font="Arial 12", relief="raised", width=4, height=1, padx=10,
command=call_two_functions)
ok_button.pack()
tp.overrideredirect(True)
tp.mainloop()
def call_two_functions():
pygame.mixer.music.load("restart button sound.mp3")
pygame.mixer.music.play()
restart_button_function()
tp.destroy()
def restart_game():
global end_game
for i in game_board.keys():
game_board[i] = " "
for i in buttons:
i["text"] = " "
pygame.mixer.music.load("restart button sound.mp3")
pygame.mixer.music.play()
end_game = False
restart_button.destroy()
frame12.destroy()
def check_draw():
global game_win_condition
for i in game_board.keys():
if (game_board[i] == " "):
return False
game_win_condition = False
return True
def check_win(player):
global game_win_condition
if (game_board[1] == game_board[2] == game_board[3] and game_board[3] == player):
game_win_condition = True
return True
elif (game_board[1] == game_board[4] == game_board[7] and game_board[7] == player):
game_win_condition = True
return True
elif (game_board[1] == game_board[5] == game_board[9] and game_board[9] == player):
game_win_condition = True
return True
elif (game_board[2] == game_board[5] == game_board[8] and game_board[8] == player):
game_win_condition = True
return True
elif (game_board[3] == game_board[6] == game_board[9] and game_board[9] == player):
game_win_condition = True
return True
elif (game_board[4] == game_board[5] == game_board[6] and game_board[6] == player):
game_win_condition = True
return True
elif (game_board[7] == game_board[8] == game_board[9] and game_board[9] == player):
game_win_condition = True
return True
elif (game_board[3] == game_board[5] == game_board[7] and game_board[7] == player):
game_win_condition = True
return True
else:
return False
def click(event):
global turn, end_game
if (end_game):
return
else:
button = event.widget
# determining the position of the button clicked
buttonlabel = str(button)
buttonposition = buttonlabel[-9]
if (buttonposition == "e"):
buttonposition = 1
else:
buttonposition = int(buttonposition)
# get input from the user , play the click sound
if (button["text"] == " "):
if (turn == "O"):
button["text"] = "O"
game_board[buttonposition] = turn
pygame.mixer.music.load("alu_sound.mp3")
pygame.mixer.music.play()
# check win
if (check_win(turn)):
end_game = True
pygame.mixer.music.load("Win windows sound.mp3")
pygame.mixer.music.play()
toplevel_window_win_message(turn)
# check draw
elif (check_draw()):
end_game = True
pygame.mixer.music.load("windows draw sound.mp3")
pygame.mixer.music.play()
toplevel_window_win_message(turn)
turn = "X"
computer_playing()
for key in game_board.keys():
buttons[key - 1]["text"] = game_board[key]
turn = "O"
# creating window
Computer_root = Tk()
window_width = 350
window_height = 482
screen_width = Computer_root.winfo_screenwidth()
screen_height = Computer_root.winfo_screenheight()
center_x = int((screen_width / 2) - (window_width / 2))
center_y = int((screen_height / 2) - (window_height / 2))
# window properties
Computer_root.title("Tic-Tac-Toe")
Computer_root.geometry(f'{window_width}x{window_height}+{center_x}+{center_y}')
Computer_root.minsize(window_width, window_height)
Computer_root.maxsize(window_width, window_height)
Computer_root["background"] = "#457bad"
# topic frame
frame1 = Frame(Computer_root, bg="black", borderwidth=2)
frame1.pack(pady=14)
label = Label(frame1, text="Tic-Tac-Toe", font="Arial 20")
label.grid()
# mainframe
frame2 = Frame(Computer_root, bg="black", borderwidth=3)
frame2.pack(pady=7)
# label -- inside this all the subframes and buttons are included
label1 = Label(frame2)
label1.grid()
# Subframe and buttons -- inside sub-frames are the buttons
# ROW 1
# BUTTON 1
frame3 = Frame(label1, bg="grey", borderwidth=2)
frame3.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=10, pady=10)
button1 = Button(frame3, text=" ", height=2, width=4, font="Arial 17", relief="raised")
button1.grid()
button1.bind("<Button-1>", click)
# BUTTON 2
frame4 = Frame(label1, bg="grey", borderwidth=2)
frame4.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=10, pady=10)
button2 = Button(frame4, text=" ", height=2, width=4, font="Arial 17", relief="raised")
button2.grid()
button2.bind("<Button-1>", click)
# BUTTON 3
frame5 = Frame(label1, bg="grey", borderwidth=2)
frame5.grid(row=0, column=2, padx=10, pady=10)
button3 = Button(frame5, text=" ", height=2, width=4, font="Arial 17", relief="raised")
button3.grid()
button3.bind("<Button-1>", click)
# ROW 2
# BUTTON 4
frame6 = Frame(label1, bg="grey", borderwidth=2)
frame6.grid(row=1, column=0, padx=10, pady=10)
button4 = Button(frame6, text=" ", height=2, width=4, font="Arial 17", relief="raised")
button4.grid()
button4.bind("<Button-1>", click)
# BUTTON 5
frame7 = Frame(label1, bg="grey", borderwidth=2)
frame7.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=10, pady=10)
button5 = Button(frame7, text=" ", height=2, width=4, font="Arial 17", relief="raised")
button5.grid()
button5.bind("<Button-1>", click)
# BUTTON 6
frame8 = Frame(label1, bg="grey", borderwidth=2)
frame8.grid(row=1, column=2, padx=10, pady=10)
button6 = Button(frame8, text=" ", height=2, width=4, font="Arial 17", relief="raised")
button6.grid()
button6.bind("<Button-1>", click)
# ROW 3
# BUTTON 7
frame9 = Frame(label1, bg="grey", borderwidth=2)
frame9.grid(row=2, column=0, padx=10, pady=10)
button7 = Button(frame9, text=" ", height=2, width=4, font="Arial 17", relief="raised")
button7.grid()
button7.bind("<Button-1>", click)
# BUTTON 8
frame10 = Frame(label1, bg="grey", borderwidth=2)
frame10.grid(row=2, column=1, padx=10, pady=10)
button8 = Button(frame10, text=" ", height=2, width=4, font="Arial 17", relief="raised")
button8.grid()
button8.bind("<Button-1>", click)
# BUTTON 9
frame11 = Frame(label1, bg="grey", borderwidth=2)
frame11.grid(row=2, column=2, padx=10, pady=10)
button9 = Button(frame11, text=" ", height=2, width=4, font="Arial 17", relief="raised")
button9.grid()
button9.bind("<Button-1>", click)
# Restart Button
def restart_button_function():
global frame12
frame12 = Frame(Computer_root, bg="black", borderwidth=2)
frame12.pack(pady=14)
global restart_button
restart_button = Button(frame12, relief="raised", height=2, width=12, borderwidth=1, text="Restart Game",font="Arial 15", command=restart_game)
restart_button.pack()
# buttons list
buttons = [button1, button2, button3, button4, button5, button6, button7, button8, button9]
# def update_computerinput():
# for key in game_board.keys():
# buttons[key-1]["text"]=game_board[key]
# event loop
Computer_root.mainloop()
